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Chapter 24: Problem 10

Which of the following is not true about the applicability of steam distillation? (a) The organic liquid to be purified should be immiscible with water. (b) It should have high molecular weight. (c) It should have high vapour pressure. (d) The impurities present should be volatile.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The incorrect statement about the applicability of steam distillation is (c) it should have high vapour pressure.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Steam Distillation

Steam distillation is a process used for the purification of organic compounds, which employs heat in the form of steam. It has several key features which include being able to handle substances immiscible with water (increasing the overall volatility of the mixture), being applied to high molecular weight substances, and dealing with volatile impurities.
02

Evaluate option (a)

Option (a) states that the organic liquid to be purified should be immiscible with water. This statement is true as in steam distillation, the organic mixture that's immiscible with water will boil beneath the temperature of 100 degrees Celsius due its volatile nature with steam.
03

Evaluate option (b)

Option (b) states that the substance should have a high molecular weight. This is also true. Steam distillation is often used for substances with high molecular weight which would be difficult to distill under normal conditions.
04

Evaluate option (c)

Option (c) states that the substance should have a high vapour pressure. This statement is incorrect. In steam distillation, it is not necessary for the substance to have high vapour pressure. In fact, it is often used for substances that decompose at high temperatures (which often means they have low vapour pressures).
05

Evaluate option (d)

Option (d) states that the impurities present should be volatile. This is true as volatile impurities can be separated by steam distillation.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The vapour phase is relatively richer in the component whose addition to the liquid mixture results in an increase of total vapour pressure. This is the statement of (a) Duhem-Margules law (b) Raoult's law (c) Konowaloff's rule (d) none of the above

Addition of KCI to phenol-water system (a) raises the CST (b) lower the CST (c) has no effect on CST (d) none of the above

Triethylamine-water system is an example of (a) upper CST (b) lower CST (c) upper as well as lower CST (d) none of the above

In a solution, the vapour pressure of a component at a given temperature is equal to the mole fraction of that component in the solution multiplied by the vapour pressure of that component in the pure state. This is the statement of (a) Henry's law (b) Raoult's law (c) Konowaloff's law (d) none of the above

Relative lowering of vapour pressure of a solution containing a nonvolatile solute is equal to the mole fraction of (a) solute (b) solvent (c) solvent minus solute (d) solvent plus solute
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