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Chapter 4: Problem 4

The rise of a liquid in capillary tube is due to (a) viscosity (b) osmosis (c) diffusion (d) surface tension

Short Answer

Expert verified
The phenomenon that causes a liquid to rise in a capillary tube is (d) surface tension.

Step by step solution

01

Identify the Correct Phenomenon

A liquid rises in a capillary tube due to a phenomenon known as capillary action or capillarity. This is an instance where the surface of the liquid is in interaction with a solid, leading the liquid to climb up the walls of the solid against the direction of gravity.
02

Evaluate Options to Identify the Phenomenon

Now we are required to match this phenomenon with the given options, which are viscosity, osmosis, diffusion, and surface tension. Osmosis is the flow of solvent from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration through a semipermeable membrane, which is not happening here. Similarly, diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, again not applicable here. Viscosity refers to a liquid's resistance to flow, it doesn't result in the rise of liquid inside a capillary tube.
03

Confirm the Correct Option

The last remaining option is surface tension. Indeed, capillary action is a manifestation of surface tension. Surface tension is the property of a liquid, due to its intermolecular forces, that allows it to resist an external force. In the case of capillary action, the adhesion of the liquid to the walls of the capillary and the liquid's own cohesion pull the liquid up until there's a balance with gravity

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Which of the following expressions regarding the unit of coefficient of viscosity is not true? (a) dyne \(\mathrm{cm}^{-2} \mathrm{sec}\) (b) dyne \(\mathrm{cm}^{-2} \mathrm{sec}^{-1}\) (c) \(\mathrm{Nm}^{-2} \mathrm{~s}\) (d) 1 poise \(=10^{-1} \mathrm{Nm}^{-2} \mathrm{~s}\)

When a student was given a viscometer, the liquid was sucked with difficulty; the liquid may be: (a) benzene (b) toluene (c) water (d) glycerine

With the increasing molecular mass of a liquid, the viscosity (a) decreases (b) increases (c) is not affected (d) none of above

Association of molecules in water is due to (a) covalent bonding (b) hydrogen bonding (c) ionic bonding (d) van der Waals forces

Mark the statement which is correct: (a) Surface tension of a liquid increases with temperature. (b) Addition of chemicals reduces the surface tension of a liquid. (c) Stalgmometer is used for measuring viscosity of the liquid. (d) Viscosity of a liquid does not depend on intermolecular forces.
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