You have carried out a synthetic procedure which results in a mixture of 2 -nitroaniline (literature \(\mathrm{m} . \mathrm{pt}=92{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) ) and 4-nitroaniline (literature m.pt. \(\left.=148^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\right)\). Purification by recrystallisation is said to separate the two isomers and your sample, when mixed with pure 4-nitroaniline, has a m.pt. range \(147-148^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). What can you conclude?

Short Answer

Expert verified
The mixture is presumably consisting primarily of 4-nitroaniline since the obtained melting point of the sample aligns closely with the literature value of 4-nitroaniline's melting point.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding the Melting Point Concept

Melting point is a physical property of a substance. Pure substances have specific, sharp melting points while mixtures tend to have a range of melting points. A sample's melting point can help identify the substance and give information about its purity. If a sample's melting point is the same as the pure substance's melting point, it is very likely that the sample is that pure substance.
02

Analyze Given Information and Apply Melting Point Concept

The sample, when mixed with pure 4-nitroaniline, exhibits a melting point of 147-148°C. This aligns closely with the described literature melting point for pure 4-nitroaniline, which is 148°C.
03

Making a Conclusion Based on Analysis

Since the melting point of the experimental sample (when mixed with pure 4-nitroaniline) aligns with the literature melting point of 4-nitroaniline, we can infer that it is likely the mixture is mostly, if not entirely, 4-nitroaniline.

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