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Chapter 2: Problem 1

Test your knowledge of safe working procedures. After reading the appropriate sections of this book, can you remember the following: (a) the four main steps involved in the process of risk assessment; (b) the major routes of entry of harmful substances into the body; (c) the warning labels for the major chemical hazard symbols (either describe them or draw them from memory; (d) the international symbol for radioactivity?

Short Answer

Expert verified
a) Identifying hazards, who might be harmed and how, evaluating risks and deciding on control measures, recording and reviewing assessment. b) Inhalation, skin or eye contact, ingestion, injection. c) Biohazard (three circles), flammable (flame), explosive (exploding bomb), oxidizing (flame over circle), toxic (skull and crossbones), corrosive (acids on hand and surface), health hazard (exclamation mark). d) Three wing-like shapes on a circle.

Step by step solution

01

Recall the Process of Risk Assessment

Risk assessment involves identifying hazards, deciding who might be harmed and how, evaluating risks and deciding on control measures, and recording and reviewing the assessment.
02

Recognize Routes of Entry for Harmful Substances

Harmful substances may enter the body through four main routes: inhalation, skin or eye contact, ingestion and injection.
03

Identify Warning Labels for Chemical Hazards

Important chemical hazard symbols include the biohazard symbol (three interconnected circles), the flammable symbol (flame), the explosive symbol (an exploding bomb), the oxidizing symbol (a flame over a circle), the toxic symbol (a skull and crossbones), the corrosive symbol (acids eating away at a hand and a surface), the health hazard symbol (an exclamation mark) among others.
04

Recognize the International Symbol for Radioactivity

The international symbol for radioactivity is a circle enclosed by three blades or wing-like shapes. Each blade is black on a yellow background with a black outline.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Investigate the health and safety procedures in operation at your university. Can you find out the following: (a) your university's procedure in case of fire; (b) the colour coding for fire extinguishers available in your department and the recommendations for use; (c) the accident reporting procedure used in your department; (d) your department's Code of Safe Practice relating to project work?

Locate the relevant health and safety features in a laboratory. Find each of the following in one of the main laboratories used as part of your course (draw a simple location map, if this seems appropriate): (a) fire exit(s); (b) fire-fighting equipment; (c) first-aid kit; (d) eye-wash station; (e) waste flammable solvent container; (f) waste chlorinated solvent container; (g) broken glass container.

Carry out risk assessments for specific chemical hazards. Look up the hazards associated with the use of the following chemicals and list the appropriate protective measures required to minimise the risk during use in a lab class: (a) ethanol to be used as a recrystallisation solvent for a solid (about \(10 \mathrm{~g}\) ); (b) sodium oxalate to be used to make a volumetric standard solution \((250.00 \mathrm{~mL} ; 0.1 \mathrm{M})\); (c) sodium hydroxide, used in solid form to prepare a dilute solution for neutralisation.
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