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Chapter 8: Q1 TY (page 163)

What is the ionic strength of $1 {mMCaCl}_{2}$ ?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The ionic strength of $1 {mMCaCl}_{2}$ is 3mM.

Step by step solution

01

Define the concept used

Ionic strength $(μ)$ :

The ionic strength $(μ)$ of the solution is given by

$μ = \frac{1}{2} (c_{1} z_{1}^{2} + c_{1} z_{1}^{2} + . . . . . . .) = \frac{1}{2} \sum_{} c_{i} z_{i}^{2}$

02

Step 2: Calculate the ionic strength of 1mMCaCl2

Using the ionic strength calculation formula, calculate the ionic strength.

$μ = \frac{1}{2} [[{Ca}^{2 +}] {(+ 2)}^{2} + 2 [{Cl}^{-}] {(- 1)}^{2}] = (\frac{1}{2} [(1) {(+ 2)}^{2} + 2 [1] {(- 1)}^{2}]) mM = (\frac{1}{2} [4 + 2]) mM = 3 mM$

The ionic strength of $1 {mMCaCl}_{2}$ is 3mM.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Interpolate in Table 8-1 to find the activity coefficient of $H^{+}$ when $μ = 0.030 M$

Find the activity coefficient of each ion at the indicated ionic strength:

$(a) {SO}_{4}^{2 -} \to (μ = 0.01 M) (b) {Sc}^{3 +} \to (μ = 0.005 M) (c) {Ec}^{3 +} \to (μ = 0.1 M) (d) {({CH}_{3} {CH}_{2})}_{3} {NH}^{+} \to (μ = 0.05 M)$

Solubility with Activity: Find the concentration of the major species in a saturated aqueous solution of $LiF$ . Consider these reactions:

$LiF (s) ֏ {Li}^{+} + F^{-} K_{sp} = [{Li}^{+}] γ_{{Li}^{+}} [F^{-}] γ_{F^{-}} LiF (s) ֏ LiF (aq) K_{ionpair} = [LiF (aq)] γLiF (aq) F^{-} + H_{2} O ֏ HF + {OH}^{-} K_{b} = \frac{K_{w}}{K_{a}} (forHF) H_{2} O \overset{K_{w}}{֏} H^{+} + {OH}^{-} K_{w} = [H^{+}] γ_{H^{+}} [{OH}^{-}] γ_{{OH}^{-}}$

Look up the equilibrium constants in the appendixes and write their pK values. The ion pair reaction is the sum of localid="1654945209684" $LiF (s) ֏ {Li}^{+} + F^{-}$ from the Appendix ${FandLi}^{+} ֏ LiF (aq)$ from Appendix J. write the equilibrium constant expressions and the charge and mass balance.
Create a spreadsheet that uses activities to find the concentration of all species and the ionic strength. Use pH and pOH as independent variables to estimate. It does not work to choose pH and pLi because their concentration fixes that of the other through the relation $K_{sp} = [{Li}^{+}] γ_{{Li}^{+}} [F^{-}] γ_{F^{-}}$

Find the activity (not the activity coefficient) of the ${(C_{3} H_{7})}_{4} N^{+}$ (tetra propylammonium) ion in a solution containing ${(C_{3} H_{7})}_{4} N^{+} {Br}^{-} plus 0.0050 M {({CH}_{3})}_{4} N^{+} {CI}^{-}$

(a) Write the mass balance for ${CaCl}_{2}$ in water if the species are ${Ca}^{2 +}$ and ${CI}^{-}$ .

(b) Write the mass balance if the species are ${Ca}^{2 +}, {CI}^{-}, {CaCI}^{+}$ , and ${CaOH}^{+}$

(c) Write the charge balance for part (b).

See all solutions

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