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Chapter 8: Q17P (page 184)

Why do activity coefficients not appear in the charge andmass balance equations?

Short Answer

Expert verified

Activity coefficients do not appear in the mass and charge balance of equations because charge and mass are proportional to molarity, not activity coefficients.

Step by step solution

01

Definition of activity coefficients

The activity coefficient \(\gamma \)measures the deviation of behavior from ideality,rapidly decreases as ionic strength increases.

02

Role of Activity coefficients in charge and mass balance equations

Charge and mass are proportional to molarity, not activity.

And also, activity co-efficient does not have any role in charge and mass transfer balance equations.

The only one step in which activity coefficients appear is in, writing the equilibrium constant expression for each chemical reaction.

Therefore, Since the charge and mass of the atoms are conserved in the reaction,

activity coefficients do not appear in the mass and charge balance of equations.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Write the charge balance for a solution of H2SO4in water if theH2SO4ionizes H2SO-4to andSO2-4

Solubility with Activity: Find the concentration of the major species in a saturated aqueous solution of LiF. Consider these reactions:

LiFs֏Li++F-Ksp=Li+γLi+F-γF-LiFs֏LiFaqKionpair=LiFaqγLiFaqF-+H2O֏HF+OH-Kb=KwKaforHFH2O֏KwH++OH-Kw=H+γH+OH-γOH-

  1. Look up the equilibrium constants in the appendixes and write their pK values. The ion pair reaction is the sum of localid="1654945209684" LiFs֏Li++F-from the Appendix FandLi+֏LiFaqfrom Appendix J. write the equilibrium constant expressions and the charge and mass balance.
  2. Create a spreadsheet that uses activities to find the concentration of all species and the ionic strength. Use pH and pOH as independent variables to estimate. It does not work to choose pH and pLi because their concentration fixes that of the other through the relation Ksp=Li+γLi+F-γF-

14.The temperature-dependent form of the extended Debye-

Hückel equation 8-6 is

logγ=(-1.825×106)(εT)-3/2Z2μ1+αμ/(2.00εT)

where εis the (dimensionless) dielectric constant* of water, T is

temperature (K), Z is the charge of the ion,μis ionic strength (mol/L),andαis the ion size parameter (pm). The dependence of ´

on temperature is

role="math" localid="1654916203154" ε=79.755e(-4.6×10-3)(T-293.15)

Calculate the activity coefficient ofSO42-at50.00°Cwhenμ=0.100M. Compare your value with the one in Table 8-1.

Using activities, calculate the pH of a solution containing 0.010 M NaOH plus 0.012 0 M LiNO3 . What would be the pH if you neglected activities?

Write the mass balance for a saturated solution ofBa(HsO4)2 if the species in solution are Ba2+,baSO4(aq),HSO4-,SO42-andBaOH+.SO
See all solutions

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