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Chapter 21: Q15P (page 556)

Bone consists of the protein collagen and the mineral hydroxyapatite, Ca10(PO4)(OH)2. The content of archaeological human skeletons measured by graphite furnace atomic absorption sheds light on customs and economic status of individuals in historical times. 37Explain whyLa3+is added to bone samples to suppress matrix interference in Pbanalysis.

Short Answer

Expert verified

La3+ appears to be a releasing agent, as it preferentially reacts with PO42-, releasing Pb2+ .

Step by step solution

01

Define release agent.

A release agent (also known as a release coating, release agent, or mould release coating) is a substance that prevents other materials from adhering to surfaces. Mould release, die-cast release, plastic release, adhesive release, tyre and web release are all procedures where it can help.

02

Explain why La3+  is added to bone samples to suppress matrix interference in   analysis.

To avoid the chemical matrix effect, La3+is employed. By creating thermally stable compounds, PO42- prevents the atomization of Pb2+. La3+appears to be a releasing agent, as it preferentially reacts with PO42-, releasing Pb2+.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Bone consists of the protein collagen and the mineral hydroxyapatite, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2. The content of archaeological human skeletons measured by graphite furnace atomic absorption sheds light on customs and economic status of individuals in historical times.37Explain why La3+is added to bone samples to suppress matrix interference in Pbanalysis.

Explain how the following background correction techniques work: (a) beam chopping: (b) deuterium lamp; (c) Zeeman.

(a) The atomic absorption signal shown here was obtained with0.0485μgFe/mLin a graphite furnace. The root-mean-square noise in the baseline, measured by the instrument's computer, is s=0.30 vertical units, where each horizontal line on the chart is 1 vertical

unit. Estimate where the baseline is beneath the tall signal and measure the height of the signal. Estimate the detection limit for Fe, defined as the concentration of Fe that gives a signal height of 3 s.

(b) Seven replicate measurements of a standard containing1.00ngHg/Lgave readings of 0.88,1.48,0.94,1.12,1.03,1.40, andin cold vapor atomic absorption (Box 21-1). From Equations 5-5 and 5 -6, estimate the detection and quantitation limits. (Note that in Equations 5-5 and 5-6, the quotient s / m is the standard deviation in concentration.)

Laser atomic fluorescence excitation and emission spectra of sodium in an air-acetylene flame are shown here. In the excitation spectrum, the laser (linewidth 5 0.03 nm) was scanned through various wavelengths, while the detector monochromator (bandwidth 5 1.6 nm) was held fixed near 589 nm. In the emission spectrum, the laser was fixed at 589.0 nm, and the detector monochromator wave-length was varied. Explain why the emission spectrum gives one broad band, whereas the excitation spectrum gives two sharp lines. How can the excitation linewidths be much narrower than the detector monochromator bandwidth?

Li was determined by atomic emission with the method of standard addition. Prepare a standard addition graph (Section 5 - 3) to find the concentration of Li and its uncertainty in pure unknown. The Listandard contained 1.62μgLi/mL.
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