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Chapter 26: Q33P (page 749)
State three different methods to reduce electroosmotic flow. Why does the direction of electroosmotic flow change when a silica capillary is washed with a cationic surfactant?
Three methods are- (I) lowering the pH (2) adding cations(3) covalently attaching silanes
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Totarlsulfexperimevt: Inorganic cations can be quantified by passing a salt solution throagh a cation-exchange columan in the form and titruting the relcasod H+with strong base. The moles of titrant equal the equivalenss of catioa charge in solution.
(a) What volume of 0.0231 M NaOH is needed to titrate the eluate when 10.00ml of ,have been loaded on a cation exchange columan in the H+foem?
(b) A 0.2692g sample of unknown salt is dissolved in demonized waler and loasedoato a cation exchange column in the H+form. The columin is rinsed with deionined water and the combincd loading and rinse solutions are titrated with 0.1396M KOH. A volume of 30.64mL is required to reach the endpoint. How many equivalents of cation are in the sample? Find the millieguivalents of cation per gram of sample (meq/g).
(c) The mass of substance containing one cquivalent is called the equivalent mas. If the cation has a +1 charge, the equivalent mass equals the molar mass. If the cation has a +2 charge, the equivalent mass is half the molar mass. What is the equivalent mass of the sample in (b)?
(a) Explain how anions and cations can be separated by hydrophilic interaction chromatography in Figure 25-4, using the zwitterion stationary phase in Figure 25-16. Why does the gradient go from .to lowcontent?
(b) Explain how the charged aerosol detector used in Figure 26-4 works.
Figure 26-24 shows the effect on resolution of increasing voltage from 28 to120kV.
(a) What is the expected ratio of migration times in the two experiments? Measure the migration times for peak 1 and find the observed ratio.
(b) What is the expected ratio of plates in the two experiments?
(c) What is the expected ratio of bandwidths?
(d) What is the physical reason why increasing voltage decreases bandwidth and increases resolution?
The system in Figure 26-7 can be adapted to produce the strong acid eluent methane sulfonic acid. For this purpose, the polarity of the electrodes is reversed and the reservoir contains. The barrier membrane and the resin bed at the bottom of the figure must both be anion-exchangers loaded with.Draw this system and write the chemistry that occurs in each part.
Figure 26-24 shows the effect on resolution of increasing voltage from 28 to120kV
(a) What is the expected ratio of migration timesin the two experiments? Measure the migration times for peak 1 and find the observed ratio.
(b) What is the expected ratio of plates in the two experiments?
(c) What is the expected ratio of bandwidths?
(d) What is the physical reason why increasing voltage decreases bandwidth and increases resolution?
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