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Chapter 17: Q1Q (page 412)

Is B-doped diamond p-type or n-type? Consult Figure 15-37

Short Answer

Expert verified

Diamond doped with boron is P-type semiconductor

Step by step solution

01

Introduction

P-type semiconductor:

Intrinsic or pure semiconductors (silicon or germanium) with trivalent impurities is called p-type semiconductor. Gallium (G), Boron (B), Aluminium (Al), Indium (In), etc. are trivalent impurities.

N-type semiconductor:

Intrinsic or pure semiconductors (silicon or germanium) with pentavalent impurity is called n-type semiconductor. Arsenic, phosphorus, antimony etc are pentavalent impurities.

02

Check whether Is B-doped diamond p-type or n-type

Silicon or germanium is used as the intrinsic semiconductor, silicon and germanium has four valence electrons. Carbon also has four valence electrons.

diamond doped with boron is P-type semiconductor, because, when trivalent impurity is added to diamond is called as p-type semiconductor. Boron (B) is one of the trivalent impurities which are also known as acceptor impurity.

Trivalent is added to the diamond it will form three covalent bonds with carbon and there is no electron to formation of the bond because due to the absence of valence electron of boron, which cause one hole is remaining therefore which is called acceptor impurity and is called as P-type semiconductor.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Peak current (IP)and scan rate (v) are listed for cyclic voltammetry of the reversible reaction Fe( II ) Fe(III ) of a water-soluble ferrocene derivative in 0.1MNaCLIf a graph of IPversusvgives a straight line, then the reaction is diffusion controlled. Prepare such a graph and use it to find the diffusion coefficient of the reactant from Equation17 - 21for this one-electron oxidation. The area of the working electrode is0.0201cm2, and the concentration of reactant is 1.00mM.

The chlor-alkali process 54in which seawater is electrolyzed to make CI2 andNaOH, is the second most important commercial electrolysis, behindAIproduction.

Anode: CI-→12CI2+e-

HgCathode:Na++H2O+e-→NaOH+12H2

The Nafion membrane (page 421) used to separate the anode and cathode compartments resists chemical attack. Its anionic side chains permit conduction ofNa+ , but not anions. The cathode compartment contains pure water, and the anode compartment contains seawater from which Ca2+ and Mg2+ have been removed. Explain how the membrane allows NaOH to be formed free ofNaCI.

Ions that react with Ag+can be determined electrogravimetrically by deposition on a silver working anode:

Ag(s)+X-→AgX(s)+e-

(a) What will be the final mass of a silver anode used to electrolyze 75.00 mL of 0.02380 M KSCN if the initial mass of the anode is 12.4638 g?

(b) At what electrolysis voltage (versus S.C.E.) will AgBr(s) be deposited from 0.10M Br? (Consider negligible current flow, so that there is no ohmic potential, concentration polarization, or overpotential.)

(c) Is it theoretically possible to separate 99.99% of0.10M Klfrom0.10MKBr by controlled-potential electrolysis?

Consider the following electrolysis reactions.

Cathode:H2O(l)+e-⇌12H2(g,1.0bar)+OH-(aq,0.10M)

Anode:Br-(aq,0.10M)⇌12Br2(l)+e-

  1. Calculate the voltage needed to drive the net reaction if current is negligible.
  2. Suppose that the cell has a resistance of2.0Ω and a current of 100 mA. How much voltage is needed to overcome the cell resistance? This is the ohmic potential.
  3. Suppose that the anode reaction has an overpotential of 0.20 V and that the cathode overpotential is 0.40 V. What voltage is needed to overcome these effects combined with those of parts (a) and (b)?
  4. Suppose that concentration polarization occurs [OH-]s. at the cathode surface increases to 1.0 M and[Br-]s at the anode surface decreases to 0.010 M. What voltage is needed to overcome these effects combined with those of (b) and (c)?

Consider the cyclic voltammogram of the Co3+compoundrole="math" localid="1663646447735" Co(B9C2H11)2- . Suggest a chemical reaction to account for each wave. Are the reactions reversible? How many electrons are involved in each step? Sketch the sampled current and square wave polarograms expected for this compound.

Cyclic voltammogramofrole="math" localid="1663646461802" Co(B9C2H11)2- . [Data from W. E. Geiger, Jr., W. L. Bowden, and N. El Murr, "An Electrochemical Study of the Protonation Site of the Cobaltocene Anion and of Cyclopentadienylcobalt(I) Dicarbollides," Inorg. Chem. 1979,18,2358.]
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