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Chapter 23: Q18P (page 629)

The partition coefficient for a solute in chromatography is K=cs/cm, where csis the concentration in the stationary phase and cmis the concentration in the mobile phase. The larger the partition coefficient, the longer it takes a solute to be eluted. Explain why.

Short Answer

Expert verified

concentration in stationary phase increases there is more concentration that needs to be extracted to the mobile phase and the elution would be longer.

Step by step solution

01

Given Information:

The Partition coefficient for a solute is K=cs/cm

02

Partition coefficient is larger :

The given equation is K=cs/cm

The concentration of the solute in the stationary phase is csproportional to the partition coefficient K

If a concentration in stationary phase increases there is more concentration that needs to be extracted to the mobile phase and the elution would be longer.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Solute S has a partition coefficient of 4.0 between water (phase 1) and chloroform (phase 2) in Equation 23-1.

(a) Calculate the concentration of in chloroform if[S]aqis 0.020M.

(b) If the volume of water is 80.0 mL and the volume of chloroform is 10.0 mL, find the quotient localid="1654852656619" (molSinchloroform)(molSinwater).

A chromatographic procedure separatesof unknown mixture on a column with a length of 40cmand a diameter of 0.85cm . (a) What size column would you use to separate 100mgof the same mixture? (b) If the flow is 0.22mL/minon the small column, what volume flow rate should be used on the large column? (c) The mobile phase occupies 35%of the column volume. Calculate the linear velocity for the small column and the large column.

An open tubular column is 30.01 mlong and has an inner diameter of 0.530mm. It is coated on the inside wall with a layer of stationary phase that is3.1μmthick. Unretained solute passes through in 2.16min, whereas a particular solute has a retention time of 17.32min. (a) Find the linear velocity and volume flow rate. (b) Find the retention factor for the solute and the fraction of time spent in the stationary phase.(c) Find the partition coefficient, K 5 cs/cm, for this solute.

Consider the extraction of Mntfrom aqueous solution into organic solution by reaction with protonated ligand HL : D=Mn+(aq)+nHL(org)□MLn(org)+nH+(aq)Kextraction=[MLn]org[H+]aqn[Mn+]aq[HL]orgn.Rewrite Equation 23 - 13 in terms of role="math" localid="1654863844402" Kextractionand express Kextractionin terms of the constants in Equation 23 - 13 . Give a physical reason why each constant increases or decreases Kextraction

23-42. A separation of 2.5mgof an unknown mixture has been optimized on a column of length L and diameter d .

(a) Explain why you might not achieve the same resolution if the 2.5mgof unknown mixture were injected in twice the injection volume.

(b) Explain why you might not achieve the same resolution if5.0mg of unknown mixture were injected in the original injection volume.
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