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Chapter 23: Q18P (page 629)

The partition coefficient for a solute in chromatography is K=cs/cm, where csis the concentration in the stationary phase and cmis the concentration in the mobile phase. The larger the partition coefficient, the longer it takes a solute to be eluted. Explain why.

Short Answer

Expert verified

concentration in stationary phase increases there is more concentration that needs to be extracted to the mobile phase and the elution would be longer.

Step by step solution

01

Given Information:

The Partition coefficient for a solute is K=cs/cm

02

Partition coefficient is larger :

The given equation is K=cs/cm

The concentration of the solute in the stationary phase is csproportional to the partition coefficient K

If a concentration in stationary phase increases there is more concentration that needs to be extracted to the mobile phase and the elution would be longer.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

23-38. What is the optimal flow rate in Figure 23-17 for best separation of solutes?

Butanoic acid has a partition coefficient of 3.0 (favouring benzene) when distributed between water and benzene. Find the formal concentration of butanoic acid in each phase when 100mL of 0.10M aqueous butanoic acid is extracted with 25mL of benzene (a) at pH 4.00 and (b) at pH 10.00.

Consider a chromatography experiment in which two components with retention factors k1=4.00and k2=5.00are injected into column with N=1.00×103theoretical plates. The retention time for the less-retained component is tr1=10.0min.

(a)Calculate tmandt12.Find w12(width at half height) and w (at the base) for each peak.

(b)Using graph paper , sketch the chromatogram analogous to figure 23-7,supposing that two peaks have same amplitude(height). Draw the half widths accurately.

(c)Calculate the resolution of the two peaks and compare this value with those drawn in Figure 23-10.

Match statements 1–5 with the band broadening terms in the second list.

1. Depends on radius of open tubular column.

2. Not present in an open tubular column.

3. Depends on length and radius of connecting tubing.

4. Increases with diffusion coefficient of solute.

5. Increases with thickness of stationary phase film.

A Multiple paths

B Longitudinal diffusion

Cm Equilibration time in mobile phase

Cs Equilibration time in stationary phase

EC Extra column band broadening

In chromatography, why is the optimal flow rate greater if the stationary phase particle size is smaller?
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