Approximately what fraction of ammonia is in the form NH3at pH11?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The ammonia portion is in the form NH3 at 11 less than 99 % is in the form ofNH4+

Step by step solution

01

Definition of NH3

  • Ammonia (NH3) is a colourless, odourless gas that is made up of nitrogen and hydrogen.
  • It's the simplest stable compound of these elements, and it's used to make a variety of commercially relevant nitrogen compounds.
02

Determine the fraction of ammonia is in the form  at 

The ammonia portion is in the form NH3It must be determined at 11.

The ammonia portion is in the form NH3at 11 less than 99 % is in the form ofNH4+

Let us consider,

for the ion Ammonia

NH4+the ammonia conjugate acid,

At

[NH4+]=[NH3]above pH 9.24,NH4+will not be the most common type. Hence role="math" localid="1654857250108" pH=11is all about 2pHunits above pK pathe proportion [NH4+]NH3.

As a result, the ratio is 1: 100, which means that less than 99 percent of the population is in the formNH4+

The ammonia portion is in the formNH3at 11 less than 99 percent of the population is in the formNH4+ .

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Heterogeneous equilibrium.CO2dissolves in water to give "carbonic acid" (which is mostly dissolvedCO2, as described in Box 6-4).

CO2(g)𝆏CO2(aq)K=10-1.5

(The equilibrium constant is called the Henry's law constant for carbon dioxide, because Henry's law states that the solubility of a gas in a liquid is proportional to the pressure of the gas.) The acid dissociation constants listed for "carbonic acid" in Appendix G apply toCO2(aq). Given thatPCO2in the atmosphere is 10-3.4atm, find the pHof water in equilibrium with the atmosphere.

Find the pH with 1.50gNaN2Pinstead of 1.20 g.

CO2(g)𝆏CO2(aq)KH=[CO2aq]PCO2=10-1.2073molkg-1bar-1at0C=10-1.6048molkg-1bar-1at30CCO2(aq)+H2O𝆏HCO3-+H+Ka1=[HCO3-][H+][CO2aq]=10-6.1004molkg-1at0C=10-5.8008molkg-1bar-1at30CHCO3-𝆏CO32-+H+CaCO3(S,aragonite)𝆏Ca2++CO3-2Ksparg=[Ca2+][CO32-]=10-6.1113mol2kg-2bar-2at0C=10-6.1391mol2kg-2bar-2at30CCaCO3(s,calcite)𝆏Ca2++CO3-2kspcal=[Ca2+][CO32-]=10-6.3652mol2kg-2bar-2at0C=10-6.3713mol2kg-2bar-2at30CEffect of temperature on carbonic acid acidity and the solubility of localid="1654949830957" CaCO3×14Box10-1states that marine life withlocalid="1654949841354" CaCO3shells and skeletons will be threatened with extinction in cold polar waters

before that will happen in warm tropical waters. The following equilibrium constants apply to seawater at0ndlocalid="1654949866125" 30C, when concentrations are measured in moles per kilogram of seawater and pressure is in bars:

localid="1654951136007" CO2g𝆏CO2aqKH=CO2aqPCO2=10-1.2073molkg-1bar-1at0C=10-1.6048molkg-1bar-1at30CCO2aq+H2O𝆏HCO3-+H+Ka1=HCO3-H+CO2aq=10-6.1004molkg-1at0C=10-5.8008molkg-1bar-1at30CHCO3-𝆏CO32-+H+CaCO3S,aragonite𝆏Ca2++CO3-2Ksparg=Ca2+CO32-=10-6.1113mol2kg-2bar-2at0C=10-6.1391mol2kg-2bar-2at30CCaCO3s,calcite𝆏Ca2++CO3-2kspcal=Ca2+CO32-=10-6.3652mol2kg-2bar-2at0C=10-6.3713mol2kg-2bar-2at30C

The first equilibrium constant is calledlocalid="1654949908801" KHfor Henry's law (Problem 10-10). Units are given to remind you what units you must use.

(a) Combine the expressions forlocalid="1654949922835" KH,K21, andlocalid="1654949935065" K22to find an expression forlocalid="1654949944862" [CO3-2]in terms oflocalid="1654949958224" PCO2andlocalid="1654949971486" [H+].

(b) From the result of (a), calculatelocalid="1654949980228" [CO32-](molkg-1)atlocalid="1654950000228" pCO2=800μbar and pH=7.8 at temperatures oflocalid="1654950013597" 0(polar ocean) andlocalid="1654950030147" 30C(tropical ocean). These are conditions that could possibly be reached around the year 2100 .

(c) The concentration oflocalid="1654950042348" Ca2+in the ocean islocalid="1654950053646" 0.010M. Predict whether aragonite and calcite will dissolve under the conditions in (b).

We will abbreviate malonic acid, CH2(CO2H)2 , asH2M . Find the pH and concentrations ofH2M,HM- , and M2-in

(a) 0.100MH2M;

(b) 0.100MNaHM;

(c) 0.100MNa2M.

The acid HA has pKa=7.00.

(a) Which is the principal species, HA or A-, at pH 6.00?

(b) Which is the principal species at pH 8.00?

(c) What is the quotient [A-]/[HA] at pH 7.00? At pH 6.00?

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