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Chapter 5: Q10P (page 114)

How is a control chart used? State six indications that a process is going out of control.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Control charts are used as indicators whether the values being monitored are unnaturally far from the values being targeted. It uses the confidence intervals for a Gaussian distribution as its visual representation.

Step by step solution

01

Definition of control chart

A Control Chart is a visual representation of the confidence intervals for a Gaussian distribution.

The control chart notifies us when a property being examined strays dangerously far from an anticipated target value.

02

Six signs that a process might be getting out of control

Six signs that a process might be getting out of control are:

1. Keen observation outside the action lines.

2. There is always 2 out of 3 measurements between action and warning lines.

3. There are all 7 consecutive measurements above or below the centre line.

4. There are all 6 measurements which can be increasing or decreasing where they are located.

5. There are 14 points which are alternating up and down regardless where they are located.

6. A nonrandom pattern.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Europium is a lanthanide element found at parts per billion levels in natural waters. It can be measured from the intensity of orange light emitted when a solution is illuminated with ultraviolet radiation. Certain organic compounds that bindEu(III)are required to enhance the emission. The figure shows standard addition experiments in which10.00mLof sample and20.00mLcontaining a large excess of organic additive were placed in 50-mL volumetric flasks. Then Eu(III) standards (0,5.00,10.00,or15.00mL) were added and the flasks were diluted to50.0mLwithH2O. Standards added to tap water contained0.152ng/mL(ppb) of Eu(III), but those added to pond water were 100 times more concentrated (15.2 ng/mL).


(a) Calculate the concentration of Eu(III)(ng/mL) in pond water and tap water.

(b) For tap water, emission peak area increases by.4.61units when 10.00mL of 0.152ng/mL standard are added. This response is4.61 units/1.52ng = 3.03units per ng ofEu(III). For pond water, the response is12.5units when10.00mLof15.2ng/mLstandard are added, or0.0822units per ng. How would you explain these observations? Why was standard addition necessary for this analysis?

What is the difference between an instrument detection limit and a method detection limit? What is the difference between robustness and intermediate precision?

What is the difference between a false positive and a false negative?

Distinguish raw data, treated data, and results.

Consider a sample that contains analyte at the detection limit defined in Figure. Explain the following statements: There is approximately a 1%chance of falsely concluding that a sample containing no analyte contains analyte above the detection limit. There is a50%chance of concluding that a sample that really contains analyte at the detection limit does not contain analyte above the detection limit.
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