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Chapter 5: Q2P (page 114)

What are the three parts of quality assurance? What questions are asked in each part and what actions are taken in each part?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The three parts of quality assurance are objectives, specifications and assessment.

Step by step solution

01

Step 1: Use Objectives

- Question:

- Why do we have to collect the data and results, and how will we interpret these results?

- Action:

- We take note of the use objectives.

02

Specifications

- Question:

- How good should these numbers (measurements, responses, samples, etc.) have to be?

- Actions:

- We have to take note of the specifications.

- We choose the efficient methods to meet the specifications.

- We also have to account for the sampling, precision, accuracy, selectivity, sensitivity, detection limit, robustness, and the rate of false results.

- We also have to perform blanks, fortification, calibration checks, quality control samples, and control the charts to keep track of the performance.

- We then write and strictly comply to the standard operating procedures.

03

Assessment

- Question:

- Were the main objectives satisfied?

- Actions:

- We contrast the gathered data and results with specifications.

- We always have to take note of the sets of procedures performed and record vital information.

- We have to make sure that these objectives are successfully met.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

What is the difference between a calibration check and a performance test sample?

Here is a use objective for a chemical analysis to be performed at a drinking water purification plant: "Data and results collected quarterly shall will be used to determine whether the concentrations of haloacetates in the treated water demonstrate compliance with the levels set by the Stage 1 Disinfection By-products Rule using Method 552.2"(a specification that sets precision, accuracy, and other requirements).

Which one of the following questions best summarizes the meaning of the use objective?

(i) Are haloacetate concentrations known within specified precision and accuracy?

(ii) Are thehaloacetates detectable in the water?

(iii) Dothehaloacetate concentrations exceed the regulatory limit?

In Figure 5-6, the x-intercept is -2.89mMand its standard uncertainty is0.098mM. Find the90%and99%confidence intervals for the intercept.

In a murder trial in the 1990 s, the defendant's blood was found at the crime scene. The prosecutor argued that blood was left by the defendant during the crime. The defense argued that police "planted" the defendant's blood from a sample collected later. Blood is normally collected in a vial containing the metal-binding compound EDTA (as an anticoagulant) at a concentration of ~4.5mMafter the vial is filled with blood. At the time of the trial, procedures to measure EDTA in blood were not well established. Even though the amount of EDTA found in the crime-scene blood was orders of magnitude below ~4.5mM

, the jury acquitted the defendant. This trial motivated the development of a new method to measure EDTA in blood.

(a) Precision and accuracy. To measure accuracy and precision of the method, blood was fortified with EDTA to known levels.

Accuracy=100×meanvaluefound-knownvalueknownvaluePrecision=100×standarddeviationmean=coeffcientofvariation

For each of the three spike levels in the table, find the precision and accuracy of the quality control samples.

(b) Detection and quantitation limits. Low concentrations of EDTA near the detection limit gave the following dimensionless instrument readings: 175,104,164,193,131,189,155,133,151, and 176. Ten blanks had a mean reading of 45 - 1 . The slope of the calibration curve is1.75×199M-1. Estimate the signal and concentration detection limits and the lower limit of quantitation for EDTA.

Chloroform is an internal standard in the determination of the pesticide DDT in a polarographic analysis in which each compound is reduced at an electrode surface. A mixture containing 0.500mMchloroform and0.800mMDDT gave signals of15.3μAfor chloroform and10.1μAfor DDT. An unknown solution(10.0mL)containing DDT was placed in a100-mLvolumetric flask and10.2μLof chloroform (FM 119.39, density=1.484g/mL)were added. After dilution to the mark with solvent, polarographic signals of and8.7μAwere observed for the chloroform and DDT, respectively. Find the concentration of DDT in the unknown.
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