Consider the earlier days, when drug screening was often done in whole animals, vs. today's more modern methods of drug discovery that often start with a highthroughput screening assay. Which of the following factors do you think are most influential in driving the change toward modern methods? a. Amount of compound needed for the first test. b. Expense of animals needed for the first test. c. Early information on in vivo pharmacokinetic properties. d. Ability to have a direct indication of pharmacodynamic properties.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The major factors driving the change towards modern methods of drug discovery are likely the expense of animals needed for the first test, obtaining early information on in vivo pharmacokinetic properties, and the ability to directly indicate pharmacodynamic properties. The amount of compound needed for the first test is also influential, but to a lesser extent.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding the Factors

The first step is to analyze each factor individually. Highthroughput screening assays in modern drug discovery work on a smaller scale and are automated, meaning that they require less compound for the first test when compared to old methods. The use of animals is costly in both monetary terms and ethical considerations. Modern methods provide early information on in vivo pharmacokinetic properties by studying biochemical interactions and also indicate pharmacodynamic properties directly, i.e., the effects of a drug in a system.
02

Ranking the Importance

Next, the factors need to be ranked based on their influence. Factor a (amount of compound needed) is an economical and practical concern. Factor b (expense of animals) is a significant driving force due to economic and ethical concerns. Factor c and d (early indication of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties) contribute significantly to the shift towards modern methods because they increase the efficiency and speed of the drug discovery process.
03

Coming Up with a Conclusion

The factors most influential in driving the change towards modern methods of drug discovery are likely the expense of animals needed for the first test, obtaining early information on pharmacokinetic properties, and the ability to directly indicate pharmacodynamic properties. The amount of compound needed for the first test is also a contributing factor, but it may not be as significant as the other three.

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