Chapter 1: Q11E (page 48)
Is divisible by ?
Short Answer
Both the numbers are divisible by .
Chapter 1: Q11E (page 48)
Is divisible by ?
Both the numbers are divisible by .
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Get started for freeOn page 38, we claimed that since about a fraction of n-bit numbers are prime, on average it is sufficient to draw random n -bit numbers before hitting a prime. We now justify this rigorously. Suppose a particular coin has a probability p of coming up heads. How many times must you toss it, on average, before it comes up heads? (Hint: Method 1: start by showing that the correct expression is . Method 2: if E is the average number of coin tosses, show that ).
Show that if is a nontrivial square root of 1 modulo N , that is if but , then must be composite. (For instance,; thus 4 is a nontrivial square root of 1 modulo 15.)
What is ?
Find the inverse of:.
Show that any binary integer is at most four times as long as the corresponding decimal integer. For very large numbers, what is the ratio of these two lengths, approximately?
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