Write a C++ statement or a set of \(\mathrm{C}++\) statements to accomplish each of the following: a) Sum the odd integers between 1 and 99 using a for statement. Assume the integer variables sum and count have been declared. b) Print the value 333.546372 in a 15 -character field with precisions of 1,2 and \(3 .\) Print each number on the same line. Left-justify each number in its field. What three values print? c) Calculate the value of 2.5 raised to the power 3 using function pow. Print the result with a precision of 2 in a field width of 10 positions. What prints? d) Print the integers from 1 to 20 using a while loop and the counter variable x. Assume that the variable \(\times\) has been declared, but not initialized. Print only 5 integers per line. \([\text {Hint:} \text { When } \times \% 5 \text { is } 0,\) print a newline character; otherwise, print a tab character.] e) Repeat Exercise \(5.2(\mathrm{d})\) using a for statement.

Step by step solution

01

Solving part (a)

Initialize sum to 0, use a for loop to iterate over odd numbers from 1 to 99 by incrementing count by 2 starting from 1, on each iteration add count to sum. Finally, sum will hold the summation of all odd integers between 1 and 99.

02

Solving part (b)

Use the iomanip library functions std::setw(15) and std::setprecision(n) to format the output, where n is 1, 2, and 3 respectively, and std::left to left-align the numbers within the 15-character field. Three different formatted numbers will be printed on the same line.

03

Solving part (c)

Use the cmath library function pow to calculate 2.5 raised to the power of 3. Format the output using iomanip functions such as std::setprecision(2) and std::setw(10). Print the calculated value.

04

Solving part (d)

Use a while loop to print numbers from 1 to 20. Initialize x to 1 and increment it in each iteration. Use x % 5 to determine when to print a newline character after every set of five numbers; otherwise, print a tab character.

05

Solving part (e)

Use a for loop similar to the while loop in part (d), but iterate using the for loop syntax. Print the counter variable within the loop as well as a newline character or a tab, using the counter variable % 5 to control the output format.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

for loop in C++

The for loop in C++ is a control structure used to repeat a block of code a certain number of times. It is often employed when the number of iterations is known beforehand.

Here is a basic structure of a for loop:
for (initialization; condition; increment) {
// Code to execute on each iteration
}
Using a for loop, as seen in the exercise, we initialize the variable sum to 0 and set the count to iterate over odd numbers from 1 to 99, adding each odd number to the sum. The for loop ensures the code within it runs for each number in the specified range, thereby saving time and reducing error compared to writing out each operation individually.

iomap library functions

iomanip library functions in C++ are used to manipulate input and output stream objects to format data as it is read or written.

In the context of the given problem, we use the std::setw(15) to set a specific width for the output, std::setprecision(n) to control the decimal precision, and std::left to align numbers to the left within the given field width. These functions make the data presentable and easier to read, especially when dealing with multiple output values that need to align or conform to specific formatting standards.

cmath pow function

The pow function from the cmath library in C++ is utilized to raise a number to the power of another, essentially computing exponentiations.

The usage of the function is straightforward:
pow(base, exponent)
This calculates the base raised to the exponent. In our given exercise, the statement pow(2.5, 3) was used to calculate 2.5 to the power of 3. Understanding how to use this function is key to performing complex mathematical operations in C++ programming.

while loop in C++

A while loop in C++ is another form of control structure that allows code to be executed repeatedly, as long as a specified condition holds true.

The general syntax is:
while (condition) {
// Code to be executed as long as condition is true
}
In the exercise example, the while loop is used to print integers from 1 to 20, with the iteration continuing until the counter variable x exceeds 20. The while loop is ideal when the exact number of iterations needed isn't known in advance or when loop initialization and increment are to be handled separately or customly.

output formatting in C++

Output formatting is an essential aspect of C++ that ensures data displayed to the user is readable and well-structured. Proper output formatting improves clarity and data presentation.

In exercises like the one provided, formatting the output involves setting field widths, controlling precision, left-justifying values, and managing the spacing between values using newline and tab characters. The iomanip library functions optimize output formatting, allowing for clean, professional-looking console applications and reports.