Chapter 6: Problem 1

Consider the following three statements. Do they change the value printed for A? $$ \begin{aligned} &A=\text { "spam" } \\ &B=A \\ &B=\text { "shrubbery" } \end{aligned} $$

Short Answer

Expert verified

A remains 'spam'.

Step by step solution

- Understand the Initial Assignment

Observe the first line: A = 'spam'. This means that the variable A is assigned the string 'spam'.

- Assign B to A

In the second line: B = A. This assigns the value of A (which is 'spam') to variable B. At this point, B also holds 'spam' and A still holds 'spam'.

- Reassign B

In the third line: B = 'shrubbery'. This changes the value of B to 'shrubbery'. Now, B holds 'shrubbery' and A still holds 'spam', since changing B does not affect A.

- Determine Effect on A

Considering all the steps: The variable A remains as 'spam' throughout because there was no operation modifying A after the initial assignment.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Variable Assignment

Variable assignment is one of the first and most fundamental concepts in programming. It is the process of storing a value in a variable. For example, when you write A = 'spam', you are assigning the string 'spam' to the variable A. This means that whenever you use A in your code afterwards, it will represent the value 'spam'. It is similar to labeling a box with a name and putting 'spam' inside it. The box is A, and whatever it contains (in this case, 'spam') is its value. The assignment operator in Python is the equal sign (=).

Remember:

The assignment happens from right to left. The value on the right is assigned to the variable on the left.
Variables are just labels. They do not have any inherent data types until they are assigned a value.

Value Reassignment

Value reassignment allows you to change the value stored in a variable. In other words, you can assign a new value to a previously defined variable. In the provided exercise, B gets reassigned a new value. Initially, B is assigned the value of A: B = A, making B also hold the value 'spam'. Later, B is reassigned to 'shrubbery': B = 'shrubbery'. This overwrites the original value of B.

Key points to remember about reassignment:

Reassignment does not affect other variables previously assigned the same value. For instance, reassigning B does not change the value of A.
Reassignment updates the variable with a new value and the old value is discarded.

Suppose the exercise included another step: A = 'eggs', then A's value would change to 'eggs', but this has no effect on B's value which is now 'shrubbery'.

Independent Variables

Independent variables mean that changes to one variable do not affect the values of other variables, even if they were initially assigned the same value. This is crucial in understanding the behavior of variables in Python.

Let's elaborate with an example from the exercise:

A = 'spam' assigns 'spam' to A.
B = A means B now also holds 'spam'. At this stage, both A and B store 'spam'.
When you reassign B with B = 'shrubbery', B now holds 'shrubbery', but A still holds 'spam'. The two variables are independent.

This principle ensures that variables maintain their values unless explicitly changed. Both A and B are now independent of each other: Changing B's value does not change A's value and vice versa.

Understanding this independence is important in preventing unintended side effects in your code.

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Consider the following three statements. Do they change the value printed for A? $$ \begin{aligned} &A=\text { "spam" } \\ &B=A \\ &B=\text { "shrubbery" } \end{aligned} $$

Short Answer

Step by step solution

- Understand the Initial Assignment

- Assign B to A

- Reassign B

- Determine Effect on A

Key Concepts

Variable Assignment

Value Reassignment

Independent Variables

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