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Chapter 14: Problem 12

include using namespace std; int mystery(int n); //Precondition n >= 1. int main( ) { cout << mystery(3); return… # What is the output of the following program? #include using namespace std; int mystery(int n); //Precondition n >= 1. int main( ) { cout << mystery(3); return 0; } int mystery(int n) { if (n <= 1) return 1; else return ( mystery(n ? 1) + n ); }

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: The output of the program will be 6.

Step by step solution

01

Identify and understand the recursive function

We can see that the function "mystery(n)" is a recursive function because it calls itself inside the function body. The function takes an integer "n" as its parameter, and it has a base case when n <= 1, it returns 1. When n > 1, it returns the sum of the function itself called with (n-1) and n.
02

Trace the output when n = 3

Now, we will trace the output of mystery(3) by breaking down the recursive calls and finding the result of each iteration. mystery(3) = mystery(2) + 3 To find the mystery(2), we will again break down the recursive calls: mystery(2) = mystery(1) + 2 Now, we can solve mystery(1) using the base case: mystery(1) = 1 (Since n <= 1) Now, substitute mystery(1) back into the equation for mystery(2): mystery(2) = 1 + 2 = 3 Now, substitute mystery(2) back into the equation for mystery(3): mystery(3) = 3 + 3 = 6
03

Identify the output from the main function

The main function calls mystery(3) and prints the output. We already found that mystery(3) = 6. So, the output of the program will be: 6

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Write a recursive void function that has one parameter, which is a positive integer. When called, the function writes its argument to the screen backward. That is, if the argument is \(1234,\) it outputs the following to the screen: 4321

Write an iterative version of the function defined in Self-Test Exercise 2 .

Write a recursive function definition for the following function: int squares(int n); //Precondition: n >= 1 //Returns the sum of the squares of numbers 1 through n. For example, squares (3) returns 14 because \(1^{2}+2^{2}+3^{2}\) is 14

Write a recursive void function that takes a single int argument \(n\) and writes integers \(n, n-1, \ldots, 3,2,1 .\) Hint: Notice that you can get from the code for Self-Test Exercise 4 to that for Self-Test Exercise 5 (or vice versa) by an exchange of as little as two lines.

Write a recursive void function that takes a single int argument \(n\) and writes the integers \(1,2, \ldots, n\)
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