Chapter 6: Problem 12

What output will be produced when the following lines are executed (assuming the lines are embedded in a complete and correct program with the proper include directives)? cout << ""; cout.width(5); cout << 123 << "" << 123 << "" << endl; cout << "" << setw(5) << 123 << "" << 123 << "" << endl;

Short Answer

Expert verified

Based on the given step by step solution, create a short answer. Answer: The given code snippet uses the width() and setw() functions in C++ to set the field width for the output. The final output produced by the code is: ``` * 123*123* * 123*123* ```

Step by step solution

Output of the first line of code

The first line of code in the program is `cout << "*";`. This statement outputs an asterisk (*) to the screen.

Use of width() function

The second line of the code uses the `cout.width(5);` function. The width() function is used to set the field width for the next output operation. In this case, the field width is set to 5.

Output of the third line of code

The third line of the code has the following statement: `cout << 123 << "*" << 123 << "*" << endl;`. Here, due to the previously set field width of 5, 123 will be displayed within a field width of 5. As a consequence, two blank spaces will precede 123: " 123". The output then continues with "*", followed by "123", "*", and a new line(effect of endl). Output after this line would be: ``` * 123*123* ```

Use of setw() function

The fourth line of the code introduces the setw() function. The setw() function works similarly to the width() function, except that it is applied only once, i.e., it sets the field width for the next item to be printed, and resets the field width to its default value (0) immediately afterward.

Output of the fourth line of code

For the fourth line of the code: `cout << "*" << setw(5) << 123 << "*" << 123 << "*" << endl;`. The setw() function sets the field width of 5 for the next item, so 123 will be displayed within a field width of 5: " 123". The output then continues with "*", followed by "123", "*", and a new line (effect of endl). Output after this line would be: ``` * 123*123* ```

Final Output produced

After executing all the lines of code, the output produced will be: ``` * 123*123* * 123*123* ```

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What output will be produced when the following lines are executed (assuming the lines are embedded in a complete and correct program with the proper include directives)? cout << ""; cout.width(5); cout << 123 << "" << 123 << "" << endl; cout << "" << setw(5) << 123 << "" << 123 << "" << endl;

Short Answer

Step by step solution

Output of the first line of code

Use of width() function

Output of the third line of code

Use of setw() function

Output of the fourth line of code

Final Output produced

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