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Chapter 1: Problem 23

The rules that must be followed when constructing a program are called ____________.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: Syntax

Step by step solution

01

Identify the term

The term that refers to the rules that must be followed when constructing a program is called "syntax."
02

Provide a definition

Syntax refers to the set of rules or principles that define the structure of a programming language, including how programs and statements should be written, and what combination of symbols and characters are considered valid.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Programming Languages
Imagine programming languages as the bridge between human instructions and machine actions. They are how we communicate with computers, giving them commands to perform tasks. Just as humans use different languages to communicate, like English, Spanish or Mandarin, there are also multiple programming languages, each with its own vocabulary and grammar, tailored for different tasks and industries.

Some popular programming languages include:
  • Python, known for its simplicity and readability, is widely used for web development, data analysis, artificial intelligence, and more.
  • JavaScript, which powers interactive elements on web pages, making websites more dynamic.
  • Java, a versatile language used for building enterprise-scale applications, Android apps, and large systems.
  • C++, often used in game development, systems programming, and applications requiring high performance.
Each language has its strengths and use-cases, allowing programmers to choose the most effective tool for the task at hand.
Syntax Rules
Syntax rules in programming are akin to grammar in spoken languages. They govern the correct arrangement of symbols and keywords that a programming language can interpret. Syntax defines the rules for writing statements and expressions in a particular programming language, which must be precisely followed to avoid errors during compilation or execution.

Some common syntax rules include:
  • The proper use of punctuation, such as semicolons and curly braces to denote the end of a statement or block of code.
  • The use of keywords, which are reserved words that have a specific meaning and cannot be used for variable names.
  • The structure of function and method calls, including the use of parentheses and commas to pass arguments.
Varying by language, when these syntax rules are not adhered to, the programmer receives syntax errors, which must be resolved for the program to run successfully.
Program Structure
The structure of a program is its backbone, dictating how it is organized and how it operates. Just like a essay might be divided into paragraphs, or a play into acts and scenes, a program is structured into various components that work together cohesively.

A typical program structure may include:
  • Variables and Data Types: These are the basic units for storing data, such as numbers, text, or more complex collections.
  • Functions and Methods: These are like instructions or procedures that the program can execute to perform specific actions.
  • Control Statements: Including loops and conditional statements to control the flow of the program.
  • Classes and Objects: In object-oriented programming, these are used to encapsulate data and functions into manageable units.
Understanding the fundamental structure of a program is essential for effective programming, as it allows developers to construct complex software by breaking it down into simpler and more manageable parts.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Sales Tax Design a hierarchy chart or flowchart for a program that calculates the total of a retail sale. The program should ask the user for: \(\bullet\)The retail price of the item being purchased \(\bullet\)The sales tax rate Once these items have been entered, the program should calculate and display: \(\bullet\)The sales tax for the purchase \(\bullet\)The total of the sale

Available Credit The following steps should be followed in a program that calculates a customer's available credit: 1\. Display the message "Enter the customer's maximum credit." 2\. Wait for the user to enter the customer's maximum credit. 3\. Display the message "Enter the amount of credit used by the customer." 4\. Wait for the user to enter the customer's credit used. 5\. Subtract the used credit from the maximum credit to get the customer's available credit. 6\. Display a message that shows the customer's available credit.

\(\mathrm{A}(\mathrm{n})\) _____________ is an example of a secondary storage device.

Explain the difference between an object file and an executable file.

What is the difference between operating system software and application software?
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