include using namespace std; #define WHO "Columbus" #define DID "sailed" #define WHAT "the ocean blue." int main() { const int WHEN = 1492; cout << "In " <… # #include using namespace std; #define WHO "Columbus" #define DID "sailed" #define WHAT "the ocean blue." int main() { const int WHEN = 1492; cout << "In " << WHEN << " " << WHO << " " << DID << " " << WHAT << endl; return 0; }

The preprocessor directives used in this program are #define statements, which define the string literals for the who, did, and what portions of the sentence. These define WHO as "Columbus", DID as "sailed", and WHAT as "the ocean blue." 3. What is the purpose of the main function in the program? The main function serves as the entry point for the program's execution. It initializes a constant integer variable named WHEN to store the year 1492. 4. Describe how the output statement works in this program. The output statement in this program uses the "cout" object to display the string "In " followed by the value of WHEN. The sentence's different components are concatenated using the '<<' operator. Finally, the endl manipulator inserts a newline character at the end of the output. 5. What does the return statement indicate in the program? The return 0 statement in the program indicates that it has executed successfully and terminates the main function.