What is the difference between the while loop and the do-while loop?

A while loop is a control flow statement that repeatedly executes a block of code as long as the specified conditional expression is true. A do-while loop is similar to the while loop, but the difference is that the block of code within the do-while loop is executed at least once, before checking the condition.

The syntax of the while loop and the do-while loop is as follows: While loop: ``` while (condition) { // Code to be executed } ``` Do-While loop: ``` do { // Code to be executed } while (condition); ```

There are two main differences in the functionality of while loops and do-while loops: 1. Execution of code block: In a while loop, the condition is checked before the execution of the code block. If the condition is false from the beginning, the code inside the loop will not be executed at all. On the other hand, in a do-while loop, the code block is executed first and the condition is checked afterwards, ensuring that the code block is executed at least once, even if the condition is false. 2. Syntax: While the syntax of the loops is similar, the do-while loop has an extra semi-colon `;` at the end of the loop statement compared to the while loop. This is because the do-while loop is considered as a single statement with the block of code and the condition being checked enclosed within it. To sum up, the main difference between a while loop and a do-while loop is that a do-while loop guarantees that the code within the loop will be executed at least once, whereas a while loop may not execute the code at all if the condition is false from the beginning.