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Chapter 3: Problem 8

Write an if-else statement that assigns 20 to the variable \(y\) if the variable \(x\) is greater than \(100 .\) Otherwise, it should assign 0 to the variable \(y\).

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: The variable \(y\) will be assigned the value \(20\) if the variable \(x\) is greater than 100, and it will be assigned the value \(0\) if the variable \(x\) is not greater than 100.

Step by step solution

01

Identify the condition

In this exercise, the condition is whether the variable \(x\) is greater than \(100\) or not. We can write this condition as follows: x > 100
02

Write the if-else statement

Now that we have identified the condition, we can write the if-else statement: if (x > 100): y = 20 else: y = 0 In this if-else statement, if the condition (x > 100) is True, the variable \(y\) will be assigned the value \(20\). If the condition is False, the variable \(y\) will be assigned the value \(0\).

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Conditional Programming
Conditional programming is fundamental in creating programs that can make decisions. It allows a program to execute certain pieces of code based on whether a given condition is true or false. In our example, we use the condition to decide the value to be assigned to a variable.

A real-life analogy of conditional programming could be deciding what to wear based on the weather: If it's raining, you wear a raincoat; otherwise, you might just wear a t-shirt.
Control Structures
Control structures are the building blocks that manage the flow of a program. They include decision-making structures like 'if', 'if-else', and loops like 'for', 'while'. The 'if-else' statement is a two-way decision-making control structure which allows you to execute one block of code if the condition is true and another block if it's false, just as our example dictates which value will be assigned to the variable y.
Variable Assignment
Variable assignment involves setting a value to a variable. In Java, this is done using the '=' operator. The variable on the left side of the '=' operator is assigned the value on the right side. In the if-else example provided, the variable y gets assigned to 20 or 0 depending on the outcome of the evaluation x > 100.

Think of assignment as telling a storage box (the variable) what content (value) it should hold at any point in your program's execution.
Java Programming
Java is a versatile programming language, one which follows a set of rules known as 'syntax'. In Java, the if-else statement is used as our exercise example demonstrates: It evaluates a boolean expression and executes a block of code if that expression is true, or another block of code if it is false. Also, in Java, all variables must be declared before they can be used, often stipulating the data type.

Variables like y are just one of the many types of entities you can manipulate with Java's rich set of operators and control structures.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Write an if statement that assigns 20 to the variable \(y\) and assigns 40 to the variable \(z\) if the variable \(x\) is greater than 100.

What is the purpose of the new key word?

Write code that tests the variable \(x\) to determine whether it is greater than \(0 .\) If \(x\) is greater than \(0,\) the code should test the variable \(y\) to determine whether it is less than \(20 .\) If \(y\) is less than \(20,\) the code should assign 1 to the variable \(z\). If \(y\) is not less than \(20,\) the code should assign 0 to the variable \(z\).

Write an if-else statement that assigns 1 to \(x\) when \(y\) is equal to \(100 .\) Otherwise it should assign 0 to \(x\).

Write an if statement that displays the message "The number is valid" if the variable speed is within the range 0 through 200.
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