What is the technology that makes it possible for a Java application to communicate with a DBMS?

The technology that enables Java applications to interact with a DBMS is called Java Database Connectivity (JDBC). JDBC is an API (Application Programming Interface) that provides a standardized way of connecting Java applications to various databases.

To begin, one needs to establish a connection between the Java application and the DBMS. This requires the use of a JDBC driver, which is a software component that acts as an intermediary between the Java application and the database. It converts Java calls to native calls that the DBMS can understand. These drivers are typically provided by DBMS vendors or third-party developers. To establish the connection, import the relevant packages: ```java import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.DriverManager; ``` Here is a code snippet for establishing a JDBC connection: ```java String dbURL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/myDatabase"; String username = "root"; String password = "mypassword"; Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(dbURL, username, password); ``` In this example, a connection to a MySQL database named "myDatabase" is established using the appropriate JDBC URL, username, and password.

Once the connection between the Java application and the DBMS is established, one can use SQL queries to interact with the database. Statements and PreparedStatements are used to execute SQL queries. ```java import java.sql.Statement; import java.sql.PreparedStatement; import java.sql.ResultSet; ``` Here is a code snippet for querying data: ```java Statement statement = connection.createStatement(); String sqlQuery = "SELECT * FROM myTable"; ResultSet resultSet = statement.executeQuery(sqlQuery); while(resultSet.next()){ System.out.println(resultSet.getString("columnName")); } ``` In this example, a simple "SELECT" query retrieves all records from the "myTable" table, and the ResultSet object is used to navigate through the results.

It's essential to close the connection after the database operations have been completed. Failing to do so can lead to memory leaks or resource exhaustion issues. ```java connection.close(); ```