Describe how certain aspects of fiscal policy function as automatic stabilizers for the economy

Short Answer

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Automatic stabilizers aim to be at the forefront of protection as they react almost immediately to changes in income and unemployment, reversing mild negative economic trends. However, governments often use these others to deal with a more serious or long-term recession, or for further financial relief, targeting specific regions, sectors, or politically-supported groups of society. Look at the broader fiscal policy initiatives of the type.

Step by step solution

01

Step 1- Introduction

Automatic stabilizers take into account changes in economic activity without direct dialogue with policy makers. If you have a high income, your taxes and other laws will not improve, your tax obligations will increase, and your right to state benefits will decrease. Conversely, lower incomes reduce tax obligations and increase the number of households eligible for government benefits such as food stamps and unemployment insurance to support their income.

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Step 2- Explanation

Automatic stabilizers also work in state and local tax and transfer processes. Nevertheless, state constitutions usually require a balanced budget, which can lead to opposition adjustments to spending and tax law. These provisions do not enforce a complete rebalancing each year. Budget forecasts tend to be more focused than executions, so deficits can continue even when economic conditions are unexpectedly weak.

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- Conclusion

When the economy is in recession, automatic stabilizers inherently lead to high budget deficits. This is an aspect of fiscal policy, a Keynesian economic mechanism that uses government spending and taxes to boost aggregate demand in the economy during a recession. Fiscal policy is to avoid worsening recession by allowing private companies and households to reduce taxpayers' money and give more in the form of subsidies and tax refunds. Should be increased, or at least not decreased.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Determine whether each of the following is an example of discretionary fiscal policy action.

a. A recession occurs, and government-funded unemployment compensation is paid to laid-off workers.

b. Congress votes to fund a new jobs program designed to pat unemployed workers to work.

c. The Federal Reserve decides to reduce the quantity of money in circulation in an effort to slow inflation.

d. Under powers authorized by an act of Congress, the president decides to authorize an emergency release of funds for spending programs intended to head off economic crises.

Suppose that Congress enacts a significant tax cut with the expectation that this action will stimulate aggregate demand and push up real GDP in the short run. In fact, however, neither real GDP nor the price level changes significantly as a result of the tax cut. What might account for this outcome?

Assume that equilibrium real GDP is \( 18.2 trillion and full-employment equilibrium (F E) is \) 18.55 trillion. The marginal propensity to save is 17. Answer the questions using the data in the following graph.

a. What is the marginal propensity to consume?

b. By how much must new investment or government spending increase to bring the economy up to full employment?

c. By how much must government cut personal taxes to stimulate the economy to the full employment equilibrium?

List and define fiscal policy time lags and explain why they complicate efforts to engage in fiscal "fine tuning".

Suppose that Congress and the president decide that the nation's economic performance is weakening and that the government should "do something" about the situation. They make no tax changes but do enact new laws increasing government spending on a variety of programs.

a. Prior to the congressional and presidential action, careful studies by government economists indicated that the Keynesian multiplier effect of a rise in government expenditures on equilibrium real GDP per year is equal to 3. In the 12 months since the increase in government spending, however, it has become clear that the actual ultimate effect on real GDP will be less than half of that amount. What factors might account for this?

b. Another year and a half elapses following passage of the government spending boost. The government has undertaken no additional policy actions, nor have there been any other events of significance. Nevertheless, by the end of the second year, real GDP has returned to its original level, and the price level has increased sharply, Provide a possible explanation for this outcome.

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