At the current price level, producers supply \(375 billion of final goods and services while consumers purchase \)355 billion of final goods and services. The price level is:

  1. above equilibrium.
  2. at equilibrium.
  3. below equilibrium.
  4. more information is needed.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Option (a) above equilibrium

Step by step solution

01

Concept of economy’s equilibrium

Aggregate demand (AD) is the price level that buyers are collectively willing to pay at different income or output levels. In other words, it is the price level that the suppliers expect at each income or output level.

In contrast, the aggregate supply (AS) curveis a schedule or curve showing the relationship between a nation’s price level and the amount of real domestic output that firms in the economy produce.

Equilibrium is when the AS and AD curves intersect.

02

Explanation for the answer

As given in the question, the aggregate demand is $355 billion while the aggregate supply has exceeded the demand by $20 billion.A larger aggregate supply indicates the price level has reached beyond the equilibrium level at which the consumers are not willing to buy the output produced.

The overproduced output will not be consumed because the price level is beyond the equilibrium. Therefore, the price will drop until the equilibrium level, where the aggregate supply will match the aggregate demand.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

What is the wealth effect?

Refer to the data in the table that accompanies problem 2. Suppose that the present equilibrium price level and level of real GDP are 100 and \(225, and that data set B represents the relevant aggregate supply schedule for the economy.

(A)(B)(C)
Price LevelReal GDPPrice LevelReal GDPPrice LevelReal GDP
110275100200110225
100250100225100225
9522510025095225
9020010027590225
  1. What must be the current amount of real output demanded at the 100 price level?
  2. If the amount of output demanded declined by \)25 at the 100 price level shown in B, what would be the new equilibrium real GDP? In business cycle terminology, what would economists call this change in real GDP?

Answer the following questions on the basis of the following three sets of data for the country of North Vaudeville:

(A)
(B)
(C)
Price Level
Real GDP
Price Level
Real GDP
Price Level
Real GDP
110275100200110225
100250100225100225
9522510025095225
9020010027590225
  1. Which set of data illustrates aggregate supply in the immediate short-run in North Vaudeville? The short-run? The long run?

  2. Assuming no change in hours of work, if real output per hour of work increases by 10 percent, what will be the new levels of real GDP in the right column of A? Do the new data reflect an increase in aggregate supply or do they indicate a decrease in aggregate supply?

Suppose that the aggregate demand and aggregate supply schedules for a hypothetical economy are as shown in the following table.

Amount of Real GDP Demanded, BillionsPrice Level (Price Index)Amount of Real GDP Supplied, Billions
\(100300450
200250400
300200300
400150200
500100100

a. Use the data above to graph the aggregate demand and aggregate supply curves. What are the equilibrium price level and the equilibrium level of real output in this hypothetical economy? Is the equilibrium real output also necessarily the full-employment real output?

b. If the price level in this economy is 150, will quantity demanded equal, exceed, or fall short of the quantity supplied? By what amount? If the price level is 250, will the quantity demanded equal, exceed, or fall short of the quantity supplied? By what amount?

c. Suppose that buyers desire to purchase \)200 billion of extra real output at each price level. Sketch in the new aggregate demand curve as AD1. What are the new equilibrium price level and level of real output?

Distinguish between "real-balances effect" and "wealth effect," as the terms are used in this chapter. How does each relate to the aggregate demand curve?

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