Identify and state the significance of each of the following trade-related entities: (a) the WTO; (b) the EU; (c) the Euro Zone; and (d) NAFTA.

Short Answer

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a. The WTO is to solve the trade dispute among the member nations.

b. The EU removes the trade among the member nation of Europe.

c. The Euro Zone is where the Euro as a common currency is used.

d. NAFTA removes the trade barrier among the United States, Canada, and Mexico.

Step by step solution

01

Step 1. Explanation for part (a)

The WTO is also known as World Trade Organisation. The significance of this organization is to remove all the disputes among the member nation and spread peace. It is also the sole international organization that sets up the global trade rules between nations and ensures the treaties are followed.

02

Step 2. Explanation for part (b)

The EU is also known as European Union. The EU works to support the member country of Europe by removing trade barriers. If the trade block is removed, the members get an opportunity to access other markets, which will increase their gain.

03

Step 3. Explanation for part (c)

The Euro Zone represents the area in Europe where only Euro is accepted as the common currency. The significance of the Euro Zone is to promote trade, encourage investment, and provide mutual support.

04

Step 4. Explanation for part (d)

NAFTA is also known as Non-American Free Trade Agreement. The organization removes trade barriers among the United States, Mexico, and Canada. It also helps to improve the working condition in North America.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

In 2018, manufacturing workers in the United States earned average compensation of \(21.86 per hour. That same year, manufacturing workers in Mexico earned average compensation of \)3.20 per hour. How can U.S. manufacturers possibly compete? Why isn’t all manufacturing done in Mexico and other low-wage countries?

The accompanying hypothetical production possibilities tables are for New Zealand and Spain. Each country can produce apples and plums. Plot the production possibilities data for each of the two countries separately. Referring to your graphs, answer the following:

New Zealand’s Production Possibilities Table (Millions of Bushels)


Production Alternatives

Product

A

B

C

D

Apples

0

20

40

60

Plums

15

10

5

0


Spain’s Production Possibilities Table (Millions of Bushels)


Production Alternatives

Product

R

S

T

U

Apples

0

20

40

60

Plums

60

40

20

0

  1. What is each country’s cost ratio of producing plums and apples?

  2. Which nation should specialize in which product?

  3. Show the trading possibilities lines for each nation if the actual terms of trade are 1 plum for 2 apples. (Plot these lines on your graph.)

  4. Suppose the optimum product mixes before specialization and trade were alternative B in New Zealand and alternative S in Spain. What would be the gains from specialization and trade?

  1. We see quite a bit of international trade in the real world. And trade is driven by specialization. So why don’t we see full specialization—for instance, all cars in the world being made in South Korea, or all the mobile phones in the world being made in China? Choose the best answer from among the following choices.
  1. High tariffs.

  2. Extensive import quotas.

  3. Increasing opportunity costs.

  4. Increasing returns.

Explain: “The United States can make certain toys with greater productive efficiency than can China. Yet we import those toys from China.” Relate your answer to the ideas of Adam Smith and David Ricardo.

Suppose Big Country can produce 80 units of X by using all its resources to produce X or 60 units of Y by devoting all its resources to Y. Comparable figures for Small Nation are 60 units of X and 60 units of Y. Assuming constant costs, in which product should each nation specialize? Explain why. What are the limits of the terms of trade between these two countries?

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