Explain how a company can fail when the safeguards that should be in place fail.

To begin, we must first identify the key safeguards that are typically in place in a company. Safeguards are measures or actions that help reduce the risk of failure, protect the company's assets, and ensure business continuity. Examples of potential safeguards include financial controls, risk management practices, IT security, and legal compliance.

Financial controls are crucial for monitoring the company's cash flow, protecting against fraud, and ensuring that businesses can meet their financial obligations. A failure of financial control systems might include embezzlement, excessive spending, or poor investment decisions. In such cases, the company may be unable to pay its debts, maintain operations, or recover from the financial damage, ultimately leading to potential failure.

Risk management practices help businesses identify, evaluate, and manage potential risks to their operations. These can include operational, financial, regulatory, or market risks, among others. When risk management practices fail, companies could face major setbacks due to unanticipated risks, resulting in insurmountable losses. Such failures might force companies to shut down due to financial distress or damage to their reputation.

IT security safeguards protect a company's sensitive information, prevent data breaches, and ensure the integrity of their digital systems. If IT security measures fail, companies may face significant consequences, including loss of customer or proprietary data, financial losses due to fraud, or damage to the company’s reputation. In severe cases, the company might be unable to recover from a significant breach, leading to business failure.

Legal compliance safeguards ensure that the business follows all applicable laws, regulations, and industry standards. Failure to comply with legal requirements could result in fines, penalties, or lawsuits, potentially leading to financial ruin or reputational harm. Continual non-compliance might force companies to shut down or face other legal consequences, contributing to their failure. In summary, when safeguards such as financial controls, risk management practices, IT security, and legal compliance fail, a company can face disastrous consequences, potentially leading to business failure. Each type of safeguard is crucial for maintaining the stability and success of the business, and any one of them failing could have a cascading effect on other safeguards, eventually leading to the company's downfall.