Chapter 19: Problem 17

What are the two types of unemployment problems?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The two types of unemployment problems are frictional unemployment and structural unemployment. Frictional unemployment is temporary and occurs during job transitions or upon entering the job market, while structural unemployment is longer-term and arises from a mismatch between job seekers' skills and the requirements of available jobs.

Step by step solution

1. Introduction

To understand the two types of unemployment problems, we first need to know what unemployment is. Unemployment occurs when someone who is actively seeking work doesn't have a job. There are various reasons for unemployment, and thus, it is separated into different categories. In this exercise, we will discuss two types: frictional unemployment and structural unemployment.

2. Frictional Unemployment

Frictional unemployment is temporary unemployment that occurs when workers are transitioning between jobs or are new entrants into the job market. This type of unemployment is usually short-term and a normal part of the job market process. For example, a recent college graduate who is looking for their first job is considered as frictionally unemployed until they find employment. Similarly, someone who quit their job to search for a better opportunity is also frictionally unemployed during the job searching process.

3. Structural Unemployment

Structural unemployment is a more long-term form of unemployment that occurs when there is a mismatch between the skills of job seekers and the skills required by employers in the job market. This can be caused by advances in technology, changes in consumer demand, or other shifts in the economy. For example, an experienced typewriter repair technician may become structurally unemployed as the demand for their skills has declined due to the widespread use of computers and digital technology. This person may need to acquire new skills or undergo retraining to find employment in a different field.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the two types of unemployment problems discussed are frictional unemployment, which is temporary and occurs during job transitions or upon entering the job market, and structural unemployment, which is longer-term and arises from a mismatch between job seekers' skills and the requirements of available jobs. Understanding these different types of unemployment helps policymakers implement effective strategies to address and reduce unemployment rates.

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