If the removal of trade barriers is so beneficial to international economic growth, why would a nation continue to restrict trade on some imported or exported products?

The barriers are restrictions that are imposed to limit international trade. These can range from tariffs, quotas, or even a total block of foreign goods.

Trade barriers can be very important for developing countries as their industries may not be as efficient to keep up with international prices, if exposed to the heavy competition it may be impossible for their domestic markets to survive. This is crucially important for food production, as every country needs to safeguard its food supply to maintain autonomy. Because of this agriculture is a common industry to have trade barriers in.

Despite all the benefits of trade barriers they do have several drawbacks, limiting competition can hinder efficiency and keep ineffective producers in the market. A major criticism comes from the food supply, as cheap agricultural products are widely available in the international market, so countries in food shortages will have the temptation to import a lot. However, if they do, it may hurt their domestic markets which will cause a food shortage in the future.