In principle, the benefits of international trade to a country exceed the costs, no matter whether the country is importing or exporting. In practice, it is not always possible to compensate the losers in a country, for example, workers who lose their jobs due to foreign imports. In your opinion, does that mean that trade should be inhibited to prevent losses?

Short Answer

Expert verified

Trade should not be inhibited to prevent the losses because:

  1. Comparative cost theory
  2. Dissimilarity in the opportunity costs
  3. The gains from trade.

Step by step solution

01

Step 1. Meaning of Trade.

Trade is the buying and selling of goods and services, with compensation paid by a buyer or a seller, or the exchange of goods and services between two parties.

02

Step 2. The advantages of trade.

Trade has been favored by economists. The cost of a product depends on the availability of the product, availability of the diversity of the goods and services, the stability in the prices of goods and services.

03

Step 3. Why should trade not be inhibited?

Trade should not be inhibited to prevent the losses because:

  1. Comparative Cost Theory -Trade should not be inhibited to prevent losses because of the availability of goods and services which cost comparatively less. This includes specialization.
  2. Dissimilarity in the opportunity costs - Gains or profits arising from the existence of diverse domestic exchange ratios for any of the two goods in any of the two countries, which is associated with the production conditions of both countries.
  3. The gains from trade - The country should produce the good in which it specializes to improve production and also increase the earning for both the countries.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Assume two countries, Thailand (T) and Japan (J),

have one good: cameras. The demand (d) and supply (s) for cameras in Thailand and Japan is described by the following functions: QdT

= 60 – P

QsT = –5 + 14 P

QdJ = 80 – P

QsJ = –10 + 12P

P is the price measured in a common currency used in both countries, such as the Thai Baht.

a. Compute the equilibrium price (P) and quantities

(Q) in each country without trade.

b. Now assume that free trade occurs. The free-

trade price goes to 56.36 Baht. Who exports and

imports cameras and in what quantities?

The country of Pepper land exports steel to the Land of Submarines. Information for the quantity demanded (Qd) and quantity supplied (Qs) in each country, in a world without trade, are given in Table.

Price\(Qd
Qs
60230180
70200200
80170220
90150240
100140250

Table 20.6 Pepper land

Price\)Qd
Qs
60430
310
70420330
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100390440

Table 20.7 Land of Submarines

a. What would be the equilibrium price and quantity in each country in a world without trade? How can you tell?

b. What would be the equilibrium price and quantity in each country if trade is allowed to occur? How can you tell?

c. Sketch two supply and demand diagrams, one for each country, in the situation before trade.

d. On those diagrams, show the equilibrium price and the levels of exports and imports in the world after trade.

e. If the Land of Submarines imposes an antidumping import quota of 30, explain in general terms whether it will benefit or injure consumers and producers in each country.

f. Does your general answer change if the Land of Submarines imposes an import quota of 70?

Assume a perfectly competitive market and the exporting country is small. Using a demand and supply diagram, show the impact of increasing standards on a low-income exporter of toys. Show the tariff's impact. Is the effect on toy prices the same or different? Why is a standards policy preferred to tariffs?

What is the general trend of trade barriers over recent decades: higher, lower, or about the same?

What are some ways that governments can help people who lose from trade?

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