Explain how a company can fail when the safeguards that should be in place fail.

Safeguards in business are measures, policies, and procedures implemented by a company to protect its assets, interests, and overall well-being. These safeguards can include financial controls, risk management strategies, human resources policies, and regulatory compliance measures. By having these safeguards in place, a company can minimize its exposure to various risks, such as financial loss, legal issues, and reputational damage. When these safeguards fail or are inadequate, the company is exposed to these risks, potentially leading to business failure.

There are various reasons why safeguards might fail in a business. Some common causes include: 1. Lack of proper implementation and enforcement of safeguards: This can occur when a company adopts a policy or procedure but does not consistently enforce it or train its employees in its use. 2. Insufficient resources allocated to risk management: A company might not invest enough time, personnel, or finances into managing risks and maintaining adequate safegaurds. 3. Management ignorance or negligence: Management may not recognize the importance of proper safegaurds or may ignore clear signs of their failure. 4. Employee misconduct or malicious behavior: Employees may bypass safegaurds intentionally to gain some benefit or harm the organization. 5. Technical failures or systems vulnerability: Technology and systems can malfunction or be hacked, causing safegaurds to be ineffective.

Here are some examples of how the failure of safeguards can lead to disastrous consequences for a business: 1. Financial Controls: If a company's financial controls are weak, it may experience fraud, mismanagement of funds, or embezzlement, which can lead to significant financial losses. For example, the Enron scandal involved fraudulent accounting practices that led to the company's bankruptcy. 2. Risk Management Strategies: When a company's risk management strategies are insufficient, it may be exposed to severe risks that could have been mitigated with proper planning. For instance, the 2008 financial crisis exposed the lack of appropriate risk management in banking institutions and led to the collapse of several banks. 3. Human Resources Policies: Inadequate HR policies can lead to employee misconduct, which can result in financial loss, legal issues, and reputational damage. For example, the Uber scandal in 2017 involving sexual harassment allegations and toxic corporate culture led to legal troubles and a subsequent decrease in the company's valuation. 4. Regulatory Compliance: Failure to comply with regulations and laws can lead to penalties, fines, and even shutdowns. An example is the Volkswagen emissions scandal, where the company manipulated emissions tests, leading to significant fines and reputational damage.

To minimize the risk of safeguard failures, it is crucial for companies to: 1. Implement comprehensive and robust policies and procedures to cover all critical areas of risk. 2. Train employees regularly in the proper use and enforcement of safeguards. 3. Allocate resources to risk management and compliance departments. 4. Assess and update policies and procedures periodically to ensure they remain effective and in line with regulations. 5. Establish mechanisms for detecting and reporting potential safeguard failures early. By understanding the importance of safeguards and how their failure can lead to business failure, companies can take the necessary steps to protect themselves and ensure long-term success.