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Chapter 1: Problem 31

Which property of object is responsible for the electric force? (a) electric charge (b) pressure (c) volume (d) mass

Short Answer

Expert verified
The property of an object responsible for the electric force is: (a) electric charge.

Step by step solution

01

Option A: Electric Charge

Electric charge is a fundamental property of particles, such as electrons and protons, that determines their electromagnetic interactions. An electric force is a force that occurs between charged objects; this force can be attractive or repulsive, according to the object's charges. Objects with the same charge type repel each other, while oppositely charged objects attract each other. This force is described by Coulomb's law: \(F_e = k \frac{|q_1 q_2|}{r^2}\), where \(F_e\) is the electric force, \(k\) is Coulomb's constant, \(q_1\) and \(q_2\) are the charges of the objects, and \(r\) is the distance between the objects.
02

Option B: Pressure

Pressure is the force applied per unit area within materials that causes deformation. It could cause a force between objects, for instance, in liquid or gas. However, it's not directly related to the electrical force.
03

Option C: Volume

Volume refers to the amount of space occupied by an object or substance. While some properties may change with volume, it doesn't create an electric force between objects directly.
04

Option D: Mass

Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object and is responsible for the gravitational force between objects, not the electric force. The gravitational force is described by the equation \(F_g = G \frac{m_1 m_2}{r^2}\), where \(F_g\) is the gravitational force, \(G\) is the gravitational constant, \(m_1\) and \(m_2\) are the masses of the objects, and \(r\) is the distance between the objects. Based on the analysis of each choice, we can conclude that only electric charge is directly related to the electric force between objects.
05

Conclusion

The property of an object responsible for the electric force is: (a) electric charge.

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