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Chapter 19: Problem 2562

By adding impurity in intrinsic semiconductor \(\mathrm{P}\) type semiconductor is made. charge of these P type semiconductor is (A) trivalent, neutral (B) pentavalent, neutral (C) pentavalent, positive (D) trivalent, negative

Short Answer

Expert verified
The correct answer is (D) trivalent, negative. This is because adding a trivalent impurity atom, such as boron, aluminum, or gallium, to an intrinsic semiconductor creates a P-type semiconductor with an excess concentration of holes, making the trivalent impurity atom negatively charged.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Intrinsic Semiconductors and P-type Semiconductors

Intrinsic semiconductors are pure semiconductors, typically silicon or germanium, that have an equal number of holes and electrons - making them electrically neutral. P-type semiconductors are created by adding impurities to the intrinsic semiconductor, which increases the concentration of holes in the material.
02

Identify the Impurity Added for P-type Semiconductor

To create a P-type semiconductor, trivalent impurity atoms such as boron, aluminum, or gallium are added to the intrinsic semiconductor. These trivalent elements have one less electron in their outermost shell compared to the semiconductor, which results in the creation of additional holes in the material.
03

Determine the Charge after Adding the Impurity

When trivalent impurity atoms like boron, aluminum, or gallium are added to the intrinsic semiconductor, they form covalent bonds with the semiconductor atoms and accept electrons from the semiconductor's valence band. As a result, the trivalent impurity atom becomes negatively charged, and the P-type semiconductor becomes relatively more positive due to the excess concentration of holes.
04

Choose the Correct Option

From the above analysis, we know that the P-type semiconductor is created by adding a trivalent impurity atom, which becomes negatively charged. Therefore, the correct option is: (D) trivalent, negative

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