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Chapter 19: Problem 2577

A N-P-N transistor conducts when collector is and emitter is with respect to base. (A) positive, negative (B) positive, positive (C) negative, negative (D) negative, positive

Short Answer

Expert verified
An N-P-N transistor conducts when the collector is positive and the emitter is negative with respect to the base. Therefore, the correct answer is Option A (positive, negative).

Step by step solution

01

Understanding N-P-N Transistor

An N-P-N transistor consists of three layers: an N-type semiconductor layer sandwiched between a P-type layer (the base) and another N-type layer (the collector). When a positive voltage is applied to the base with respect to the emitter, the electrons move from the emitter (N-type) to the base (P-type), and then from the base to the collector (N-type). This establishes a current flow through the transistor, allowing it to conduct. Now, let's analyze each option and determine which one corresponds to the N-P-N transistor's correct conduction conditions.
02

Option A: Positive Collector, Negative Emitter

When the collector is positive and the emitter is negative with respect to the base, electrons move from the emitter (N-type) to the base (P-type) and then to the collector (N-type), resulting in conduction. This matches the behavior of an N-P-N transistor.
03

Option B: Positive Collector, Positive Emitter

When both the collector and emitter are positive with respect to the base, the electrons in the emitter (N-type) and collector (N-type) are repelled by the positive voltage and do not move towards the base (P-type). As a result, the transistor does not conduct in this condition.
04

Option C: Negative Collector, Negative Emitter

When both the collector and emitter are negative with respect to the base, the electrons in the base (P-type) are repelled by the negative voltage, preventing them from moving towards the collector (N-type) and emitter (N-type). This results in the transistor not conducting in this condition.
05

Option D: Negative Collector, Positive Emitter

When the collector is negative and the emitter is positive with respect to the base, the electrons in the emitter (N-type) move towards the base (P-type), but then, they are repelled by the negative voltage at the collector (N-type) and do not move to the collector. This doesn't allow for conduction.
06

Conclusion

Out of the given options, option A (collector positive and emitter negative with respect to the base) represents the correct conditions for an N-P-N transistor to conduct.

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