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Chapter 20: Problem 2760

Refractive index of ionosphere is (A) one (B) more than one (C) less than one (D) Zero Copyright ( C StemEZ.com. All rights reserved.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The refractive index of the ionosphere is more than one because the speed of light in the ionosphere is slower than its speed in a vacuum due to the presence of charged particles like ions and electrons. \(n = \frac{c}{v}\), where n is the refractive index, c is the speed of light in vacuum, and v is the speed of light in the ionosphere. Since v is slower than c, the ratio n will be greater than one. Answer: (B) more than one.

Step by step solution

01

Know the refractive index of a vacuum

The refractive index of a vacuum is defined to be 1. This is because light travels at its maximum speed, called the speed of light (denoted by c), in a vacuum.
02

Determine the speed of light in the ionosphere

The speed of light in the ionosphere is slower than its speed in a vacuum due to the presence of charged particles like ions and electrons, which scatter and refract electromagnetic waves.
03

Establish the relation between the speed of light in a medium and refractive index

The refractive index (n) of a medium is the ratio of the speed of light in vacuum (c) to the speed of light in that medium (v): \(n = \frac{c}{v}\).
04

Determine the refractive index of the ionosphere

As the speed of light in the ionosphere (v) is slower than the speed of light in a vacuum (c), the ratio \(n = \frac{c}{v}\) will be greater than one. Thus, the refractive index of the ionosphere is more than one. Answer: (B) more than one.

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