A particle of mass \(0.1 \mathrm{~kg}\) is subjected to a force which varies with distance as shown in figure. If it starts its journey from rest at \(\mathrm{x}=0\). What is the particle's velocity square at $\mathrm{x}=6 \mathrm{~cm}$ ? (A) \(0(\mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s})^{2}\) (B) \(240 \sqrt{2}(\mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s})^{2}\) (C) \(240 \sqrt{3}(\mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s})^{2}\) (D) \(480(\mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s})^{2}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
The square of the particle's velocity at x=6 cm is \(-24 (\mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s})^{2}\). This negative value indicates an inconsistency in the given values or the figure, and doesn't match any of the given options (A, B, C, or D).

Step by step solution

01

Convert the given distance to SI units

Convert the given distance x = 6 cm into meters (SI unit for distance) by dividing it by 100: \[x = \frac{6}{100} \mathrm{m} = 0.06 \mathrm{m}\]
02

Calculate the area under the force-displacement curve

We can find the area under the force-displacement curve by dividing the entire area into triangles and rectangles. The figure shows a right triangle with its base along the x-axis and its height along the y-axis. The base has a length of 0.06 m (from step 1) and the height is given by the force at x=0.06 m, that is, \(F = -40 \mathrm{~N}\). The negative sign indicates that the force opposes the displacement. The area of a triangle is given by \(\frac{1}{2} \times base \times height\), thus the area under the curve (which represents work done) is \[W = -\frac{1}{2} \times 0.06 \mathrm{m} \times 40\mathrm{~N} = -1.2\mathrm{~J}\]
03

Use the work-energy theorem to calculate the change in kinetic energy

According to the work-energy theorem, the work done on the particle equals the change in its kinetic energy. The particle starts its journey from rest, so the initial kinetic energy is \(0 \mathrm{~J}\). Let the final kinetic energy be \(KE_f\), then \[W = KE_f - KE_i\] Since the initial kinetic energy is 0, we have \[W = KE_f\] Substitute the work done value found in step 2: \[-1.2\mathrm{~J} = KE_f\]
04

Calculate the particle's velocity square using the Kinetic energy expression

The kinetic energy of the particle is given by \(\frac{1}{2}mv^2\), where m is the particle's mass and v is its velocity. Now we have \(KE_f = -1.2 \mathrm{~J}\), and the particle's mass is \(0.1 \mathrm{~kg}\). Solving for the particle's velocity square, we get \[\frac{1}{2}(0.1 \mathrm{~kg})v^2 = -1.2 \mathrm{~J}\] \[v^2 = \frac{-2 \times 1.2 \mathrm{~J}}{0.1 \mathrm{~kg}}\] \[v^2 = -24 (\mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s})^{2}\] The square of the particle's velocity at x=6 cm is \(-24 (\mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s})^{2}\). Since this value is negative, it indicates that there's an inconsistency in the given values or the figure. It could be a mistake in the problem statement or a misinterpretation of the figure. This result doesn't match any of the given options (A, B, C, or D).

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