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Chapter 4: Problem 504

Two balls at same temperature collide. What is conserved (A) Temperature (B) velocity (C) kinetic energy (D) momentum

Short Answer

Expert verified
In the collision of two balls at the same temperature, the conserved quantity is (D) momentum. Temperature, velocity, and kinetic energy are not conserved during the collision due to factors such as not relating to collision properties, the change in velocity due to forces, and insufficient information about the collision type. Momentum is conserved in both elastic and inelastic collisions, making it the correct answer.

Step by step solution

01

Analyze option A: Temperature

Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a system. While the two balls are at the same temperature, it does not imply that temperature is conserved during the collision, as temperature is not a property that relates to the dynamics of collisions. Therefore, option (A) is not correct.
02

Analyze option B: Velocity

Velocity depends on the mass and resulting forces during the collision. The velocity of each ball might change during the collision due to the applied forces between the balls. Also, the velocity of an individual object is not necessarily conserved in collisions. As such, option (B) is not conserved.
03

Analyze option C: Kinetic energy

Kinetic energy is given by the formula \(KE = \frac{1}{2}mv^2\), where m is the mass of the object and v is its velocity. In a perfectly elastic collision, the total kinetic energy of the system is conserved. However, in an inelastic collision, some kinetic energy is lost due to deformation and other factors. This exercise does not provide enough information to conclude which type of collision is taking place, and therefore, we cannot assume kinetic energy is conserved. So, option (C) is not correct.
04

Analyze option D: Momentum

Momentum is given by the formula \(p = mv\), where m is the mass of the object and v is its velocity. In all types of collisions (both elastic and inelastic), the total momentum of the system is always conserved. This property is known as the conservation of momentum. Given this information and ruling out the other options, option (D) is the correct answer. Hence, the conserved quantity in this collision is momentum.

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