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Chapter 9: Problem 1325

The specific heats at constant pressure is greater than that of the same gas at constant volume because (A) At constant volume work is done in expanding the gas. (B) At constant pressure work is done in expanding the gas. (C) The molecular vibration increases more at constant pressure. (D) The molecular attraction increases more at constant pressure.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The short answer is: \( \boxed{(B)} \) At constant pressure, work is done in expanding the gas.

Step by step solution

01

Evaluate statement A

At constant volume, work is done in expanding the gas. This statement is incorrect because at constant volume, there is no expansion or work done on or by the gas. The internal energy of the gas changes due to heat addition or removal only.
02

Evaluate statement B

At constant pressure, work is done in expanding the gas. This statement is correct. In a constant pressure process, the external pressure remains the same, but the volume of the gas can change. During the expansion, the gas does work on its surroundings, which results in energy being utilized from the system. Therefore, to achieve the same increase in temperature, more heat needs to be added to the system at constant pressure compared to constant volume.
03

Evaluate statement C

The molecular vibration increases more at constant pressure. This statement is not accurate in explaining the difference in specific heats. Molecular vibrations are related to the internal energy and temperature, not directly to the specific heat at constant pressure or volume.
04

Evaluate statement D

The molecular attraction increases more at constant pressure. This statement is not accurate in explaining the difference in specific heats. Molecular attractions depend on the intermolecular forces in the gas, but it doesn't directly explain why the specific heat at constant pressure is greater than that at constant volume. Based on the evaluation of each statement, the correct answer is: (B) At constant pressure, work is done in expanding the gas.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Air is filled in a bottle at atmospheric pressure and it is corked at \(35^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\), If the cork can come out at 3 atmospheric pressure then upto what temperature should the bottle be heated in order to remove the cork. (A) \(325.5^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) (B) \(651^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) (C) \(851^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) (D) None of these

When temperature of an ideal gas is increased from \(27^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) to \(227^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\), its rms speed changed from \(400 \mathrm{~ms}^{-1}\) to \(\mathrm{V}_{\mathrm{s}}\). The \(\mathrm{V}_{\mathrm{s}}\) is (A) \(516 \mathrm{~ms}^{-1}\) (B) \(746 \mathrm{~ms}^{-1}\) (C) \(310 \mathrm{~ms}^{-1}\) (D) \(450 \mathrm{~ms}^{-1}\)

The ratio of mean kinetic energy of hydrogen and oxygen at a given temperature is (A) \(1: 8\) (B) \(1: 4\) (C) \(1: 16\) (D) \(1: 1\)

The average kinetic energy of hydrogen molecules at \(300 \mathrm{~K}\) is \(E\). At the same temperature the average kinetic energy of oxygen molecules will be (A) [E/(16)] (B) \(E\) (C) \(4 \mathrm{E}\) D) \([E /(4)]\)

\(\mathrm{O}_{2}\) gas is filled in a vessel. If pressure is double, temperature becomes four times, how many times its density will become. (A) 4 (B) \((1 / 4)\) (C) 2 (D) \((1 / 2)\)
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