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Chapter 1: Problem 12

All of the following are guaranteed by the 1st Amendment EXCEPT A. the freedom to vote. B. the freedom of petition. C. the freedom of speech. D. the freedom of the press.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The correct answer is A. the freedom to vote, as it is not guaranteed by the 1st Amendment. The freedom to vote is primarily addressed in the 15th, 19th, and 26th Amendments.

Step by step solution

01

Understand the 1st Amendment

The 1st Amendment of the United States Constitution states: "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances."
02

Analyze the options

A. The freedom to vote: This right is not mentioned within the 1st Amendment. The right to vote is primarily addressed in the 15th, 19th, and 26th Amendments. B. The freedom of petition: The 1st Amendment specifically mentions the right of the people "to petition the Government for a redress of grievances." So, this option is guaranteed by the 1st Amendment. C. The freedom of speech: The 1st Amendment explicitly states that "Congress shall make no law... abridging the freedom of speech." Hence, this option is guaranteed by the 1st Amendment. D. The freedom of the press: The 1st Amendment clearly states that "Congress shall make no law... abridging...the freedom of the press." As such, this option is guaranteed by the 1st Amendment.
03

Identify the correct answer

Since the freedom to vote (option A) is not mentioned or guaranteed by the 1st Amendment, the correct answer is: A. the freedom to vote.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

U.S. Constitution
The United States Constitution is the supreme law of the United States. It outlines the national framework of government and the fundamental laws, and guarantees certain basic rights for its citizens. Comprised of a preamble, seven articles, and 27 amendments, it was written in 1787 and ratified in 1788.

The Constitution is a living document that has been amended several times to reflect the evolving values and needs of the country. The first ten amendments, known as the Bill of Rights, were added in 1791. These amendments provide specific protections for individual liberties and justice and place restrictions on the powers of government.
Freedom of Speech
Freedom of speech is one of the most cherished rights under the American Constitution. Upheld by the First Amendment, it protects an individual's ability to express ideas without government restriction. This right enables people to speak their minds, exchange ideas, and engage in healthy debates which are essential to a democratic society.

However, this freedom is not absolute. There are limitations, including prohibitions against slander, defamation, and inciting violence. The U.S. Supreme Court often balances freedom of speech against other societal and individual interests when making their rulings, which has resulted in a complex body of case law.
Freedom of the Press
Freedom of the press, also protected by the First Amendment, allows for the dissemination of information through various media without government censorship or prior restraint. It's a cornerstone of a democratic society as it ensures an informed populace.

The press serves as a watchdog on government actions, informing the public and holding officials to account. While it covers a broad span of media, it also faces challenges such as the need to protect confidential sources versus national security concerns, the rise of digital media, and the fight against 'fake news'.
Right to Petition
The right to petition is a key component of the First Amendment that allows individuals to appeal to government authorities to address grievances—be they personal or public matters. This right ensures Americans can ask for changes in government policy or laws without fear of punishment.

Historically, petitions have spurred significant changes and are a form of direct democracy. The right to petition includes a broad spectrum of activities from signing petitions, lobbying governmental bodies, to testifying before tribunals. It allows citizens direct access to influence the government, affirming the principle that the government should be responsive to the will of the people.

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