What is the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), and why does it give rise to a distinct pattern of seasonality in precipitation in the tropical zone?

Question: Explain the role of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) in causing seasonality in precipitation in the tropical zone. Answer: The Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) is an area of low pressure near the Earth's equator where trade winds from the Northern and Southern Hemispheres converge, leading to cloud formation and significant rainfall. Due to Earth's axial tilt, the ITCZ moves through an annual north-south cycle, influencing precipitation patterns in tropical regions. When the ITCZ is closer to a region, it experiences its wet season with heavy rainfall, while dry seasons occur when the ITCZ moves away from the region. The ITCZ is the primary factor governing seasonality in precipitation for tropical areas.