Chapter 8: Problem 21
List at least three negative impacts of fossil fuels that most concern you (or explain why not, if they don't concern you).
Chapter 8: Problem 21
List at least three negative impacts of fossil fuels that most concern you (or explain why not, if they don't concern you).
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Get started for freeOne liter of gasoline \((1,000 \mathrm{~mL})\) has a mass of about \(750 \mathrm{~g}\) and contains about \(9.7 \mathrm{kWh}\) of energy. Meanwhile, a typical AA battery occupies \(7.4 \mathrm{~mL}\) of volume at a mass of \(23 \mathrm{~g}\), while holding about \(0.003 \mathrm{kWh}\) of energy. How much volume and how heavy would a collection of AA batteries be in order to match the energy in a liter of gasoline, and by what factors (in volume and mass) is gasoline superior?
Let's say that Earth was originally endowed with one million flerbits, \({ }^{87}\) and that we have already used up 400,000 of them. We currently extract 15,000 per year. How long does the \(\mathrm{R} / \mathrm{P}\) ratio suggest the resource will last?
A gallon of gasoline contains about \(37 \mathrm{kWh}\) of energy and costs about \(\$ 4\), while a typical AA battery holds about \(0.003 \mathrm{kWh}\) and costs about \(\$ 0.50\) each, in bulk. By what factor are batteries more expensive, for the same amount of energy?
Explain, both in practical and mathematical terms, why the \(\mathrm{R} / \mathrm{P}\) ratio overestimates the time remaining for a resource if the rate of production (use) of that resource is continually increasing.
If an average American is responsible for consuming a barrel \(^{80}\) of oil every 18 days, what power does this correspond to, in Watts?
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