Chapter 9: Problem 19

Why is coal mine restoration more difficult at an Appalachian MTR site than at a Wyoming strip mine?

Short Answer

Expert verified

In conclusion, coal mine restoration is more challenging at an Appalachian Mountain Top Removal (MTR) site than at a Wyoming strip mine due to factors such as geographical location, mining methods, and specific environmental concerns. The Appalachian region has steep slopes, rugged terrain, and high biodiversity, along with invasive MTR mining methods, which together raise the difficulty level of restoration. In contrast, Wyoming strip mines have a comparatively flat landscape and less destructive mining method, making the restoration process easier.

Step by step solution

Understand the two types of mining sites

In order to answer the question, we first need to learn about the two types of mines mentioned - Appalachian MTR sites and Wyoming strip mines. Appalachian MTR sites are located in the Appalachian Mountains, where coal is extracted through a method called Mountain Top Removal (MTR). This method involves the removal of large amounts of earth and rock to expose the underlying coal seams. On the other hand, Wyoming strip mines are located in the relatively flat terrain of Wyoming, where the coal is extracted using the strip mining method, which involves the sequential removal of horizontal layers of the earth's surface to expose the coal seams underneath.

Analyze the geographical factors

The geographical factors play a significant role in the difficulty of coal mine restoration. The Appalachian Mountains are characterized by steep slopes, rugged terrain, and a high degree of biodiversity. In contrast, Wyoming strip mines are located in a comparatively flat and open landscape, making the restoration process easier in terms of earth moving and stabilization.

Compare the mining methods

The method used to extract coal also affects the difficulty of restoration. In MTR mining, large amounts of earth and rock are removed to expose the coal seams, which can result in extensive damage to the surrounding environment and leave behind large volumes of mining waste. In strip mining, the removal of horizontal layers of the earth's surface is less destructive and requires less waste disposal, making restoration relatively easier.

Consider the environmental concerns

Another critical factor in the difficulty of coal mine restoration is the specific environmental concerns related to each site. The Appalachian MTR sites are often located near important water sources, and the removal of large amounts of earth can result in significant water pollution and alteration of the natural water flow. Additionally, the Appalachian region has higher biodiversity, and the MTR process can drastically impact the habitats of many species. In contrast, the impact on water sources and biodiversity in Wyoming strip mines is less significant, which eases the restoration process.

Concluding thoughts

In conclusion, coal mine restoration is more difficult at an Appalachian MTR site than at a Wyoming strip mine due to a combination of factors, such as the geographical location, the mining methods used, and the specific environmental concerns associated with each site. The steep slopes, rugged terrain, and high biodiversity in the Appalachian region, combined with the invasive MTR mining method, make restoration a greater challenge compared to the relatively flat landscape and less destructive strip mining method in Wyoming.

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Why is coal mine restoration more difficult at an Appalachian MTR site than at a Wyoming strip mine?

Short Answer

Step by step solution

Understand the two types of mining sites

Analyze the geographical factors

Compare the mining methods

Consider the environmental concerns

Concluding thoughts

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