Chapter 4: Problem 5

Explain the difference between \(r\)-and \(K\)-strategists. Where do these terms come from, and what are the characteristics of each broad category?

Short Answer

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The terms 'r-strategist' and 'K-strategist' derive from ecology's logistic growth model. R-strategists are typically small, reproduce rapidly, and have a high death rate at a young age. They thrive in volatile environments. Conversely, K-strategists are often larger organisms with a slower reproductive rate but higher offspring survival; they do well in predictable, stable habitats.

Step by step solution

Introduction to r- and K- strategists

The terms 'r' and 'K' come from ecological literature, specifically the logistic growth model of a population. In this model, 'r' stands for the intrinsic growth rate of the population, while 'K' denotes the carrying capacity of the environment. R-strategists are typically species adapted for rapid growth (high 'r') in unpredictable or variable environments, while K-strategists are those adapted for slower growth in stable environments (near 'K', the carrying capacity).

Characteristics of r-strategists

R-strategists are typically small organisms with short lifespans, high reproductive rates, and usually a type III survivorship curve (high mortality in early life, with few surviving to adulthood). They are often pioneer species in a new or disturbed habitat. Examples of organisms with r-strategy include many insects, small mammals, and weedy plants.

Characteristics of K-strategists

K-strategists, on the other hand, are often larger organisms with longer lifespans, lower reproductive rates but higher survival rates of offspring, usually showing a type I survivorship curve (low mortality throughout life until old age, when mortality increases). They are typically found in stable, mature habitats. Examples of K-strategists include elephants, humans, and many tree species.

Conclusion - Contrast between r- and K-strategists

In summary, r-strategists and K-strategists represent different ends of a spectrum of survival and reproductive strategies in response to environmental conditions. R-strategists excel in disturbed, unpredictable environments with their high reproductive rate and quick maturity, while K-strategists fare better in stable, predictable environments with their more competitive ability and greater investment in offspring survival.

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Explain the difference between \(r\)-and \(K\)-strategists. Where do these terms come from, and what are the characteristics of each broad category?

Short Answer

Step by step solution

Introduction to r- and K- strategists

Characteristics of r-strategists

Characteristics of K-strategists

Conclusion - Contrast between r- and K-strategists

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