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Chapter 5: Problem 11

Define the terms ecological succession and climax ecosystem. How do disturbances allow for ecological succession?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Ecological succession is a process where the species composition of an ecosystem changes over time, usually following a disturbance. A climax ecosystem is the final, stable stage of this succession. Disturbances allow for ecological succession by changing the conditions of an area, favoring certain species that can move in, thrive, and further alter the environment.

Step by step solution

01

Define Ecological Succession

An ecological succession is a process by which an ecological community undergoes more or less orderly and predictable changes following a disturbance or the initial colonization of a new habitat. This term can be defined as the sequential change in species composition of an ecosystem over time.
02

Define Climax Ecosystem

A climax ecosystem refers to the final stage of succession, which is relatively stable and not undergoing major changes. This is usually a mature and complex community of plants, animals, and microorganisms, with well developed structures and relationships.
03

Explain the Role of Disturbances in Ecological Succession

Disturbances, such as fire, flood, wind, or human activity, can cause changes in the physical conditions of an area, making it less suitable for some species and more favourable for others. This can trigger ecological succession as organisms that are better adapted to the new conditions move in, thrive, and change the environment, making it more suitable for other species. Over time, this can lead to a new community of species different from the original ones, thus showing how disturbances allow for ecological succession.

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