Chapter 1: Problem 4

Why do planets appear to move with respect to stars? (B)

Short Answer

Expert verified

Planets appear to move with respect to stars due to their relative motion, which is influenced by both the actual motion of planets in their orbits around the Sun and Earth's motion (orbiting the Sun and rotating on its axis). As planets and Earth move at different speeds and distances from the Sun, their relative positions change over time, causing the observed apparent motion where planets seem to shift against the background stars from the perspective of an observer on Earth.

Step by step solution

Understand Relative Motion

Relative motion refers to the motion of an object as observed from another object. In the context of the exercise, it means observing the motion of planets with respect to the background stars, both of which are seen from Earth.

Learn About Planetary Motion

Planets move around the Sun in their individual orbits, according to their respective velocities and distances from the Sun. This motion is responsible for the actual motion of planets as observed from a fixed point in space.

Consider Earth's Motion

Earth, as a planet, also orbits the Sun. As it completes its orbit, Earth's position relative to other planets changes. Additionally, Earth rotates around its axis, causing daily motion across the sky.

Combining Planetary and Earth's Motion

To understand why planets appear to move with respect to stars, both the actual motion of the planets as well as Earth's motion must be considered together. Since planets and Earth move at different speeds and distances from the Sun, their relative positions change over time.

Understanding Apparent Motion

Apparent motion is the observed motion of an object, such as a planet, from the observer's perspective (in this case, Earth). As both planets and Earth move at different speeds and directions, they create a perceived motion where planets appear to shift their position against the background stars. This apparent motion is the reason why planets appear to move with respect to stars.

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Why do planets appear to move with respect to stars? (B)

Short Answer

Step by step solution

Understand Relative Motion

Learn About Planetary Motion

Consider Earth's Motion

Combining Planetary and Earth's Motion

Understanding Apparent Motion

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