Chapter 5: Problem 8

How do you distinguish cleavage planes from crystal faces on a mineral? How does each type of surface form? (E)

Short Answer

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To distinguish cleavage planes from crystal faces on a mineral, observe the texture, symmetry, and the cause of formation. Cleavage planes are smooth, reflective surfaces that form when a mineral breaks along its internal crystal structure due to weak bonding between atoms. They often have a consistent pattern or direction. On the other hand, crystal faces are naturally occurring external surfaces that form as a crystal grows, representing the specific symmetry and morphology of the crystal lattice. They may have different shapes and sizes, and often display a more jagged or rough appearance.

Step by step solution

Understanding Cleavage Planes and Crystal Faces

To distinguish cleavage planes from crystal faces, it's essential to know the differences between them. Cleavage planes are flat surfaces that form when a mineral breaks along its internal crystal structure, while crystal faces are naturally occurring external surfaces on a crystal as it grows.

Cleavage Planes: Formation and Properties

Cleavage planes in a mineral form when a mineral breaks along planes of weakness in its crystal lattice due to external stress or force. These planes of weakness are typically associated with weaker bonding between atoms in the lattice, making it easier for the mineral to break along those planes. Some properties of cleavage planes are: 1. They are often smooth and reflective. 2. They can have a consistent pattern or direction in the mineral. 3. The cleavage planes may be parallel to each other in some minerals, while in others they can intersect at certain angles. 4. Examples of minerals with cleavage planes: Mica, Calcite, and Feldspar.

Crystal Faces: Formation and Properties

Crystal faces are the naturally occurring external surfaces that form as a crystal grows. Crystal faces develop due to the regular arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in the crystal lattice and are bounded by the geometric properties of the lattice. Some properties of crystal faces are: 1. They can have various shapes and sizes, depending on the crystal structure. 2. Crystal faces represent the outer boundary of a crystal's growth. 3. They display the specific symmetry and morphology of the crystal lattice. 4. Examples of minerals with well-developed crystal faces: Quartz, Pyrite, and Beryl.

Distinguishing Between Cleavage Planes and Crystal Faces

Some ways to distinguish cleavage planes from crystal faces are: 1. Observe the texture: Cleavage planes are often smooth and reflective, while crystal faces may have a more jagged or rough appearance. 2. Examine symmetry and arrangement: Cleavage planes follow a consistent pattern, while crystal faces show the morphology of the crystal lattice. 3. Consider how the surface formed: If the surface formed due to the mineral breaking, it is likely a cleavage plane. If the surface developed as the mineral grew, it is likely a crystal face. By understanding these differences, one can distinguish between cleavage planes and crystal faces on a mineral and appreciate the unique properties of each type of surface.

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How do you distinguish cleavage planes from crystal faces on a mineral? How does each type of surface form? (E)

Short Answer

Step by step solution

Understanding Cleavage Planes and Crystal Faces

Cleavage Planes: Formation and Properties

Crystal Faces: Formation and Properties

Distinguishing Between Cleavage Planes and Crystal Faces

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