Chapter 16: Problem 2

Why should we not be surprised that stromatolites spread over Early Triassic seafloors?

Short Answer

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We should not be surprised that stromatolites spread over Early Triassic seafloors because the conditions were suitable for their growth. The reduced competition following mass extinctions, warm climate, shallow seas, and environmental stresses provided a favorable environment for photosynthetic cyanobacteria, which form stromatolites, to thrive. Additionally, stromatolites are commonly associated with environments that have high salinity, high alkalinity, or low oxygen levels, indicating their ability to survive in the harsh conditions of the Early Triassic period.

Step by step solution

Background on Stromatolites

Stromatolites are sedimentary structures formed by layers of cyanobacteria (photosynthetic microorganisms) and trapped sediment. They are considered as one of the oldest forms of life on Earth, with a fossil record dating back more than 3.5 billion years.

Early Triassic Period

The Early Triassic period occurred around 252 to 247 million years ago. It was marked by environmental upheaval and mass extinctions, particularly at the end of the Permian period, which resulted in the reduction of biodiversity in the oceans. During this time, the climate was generally warm, and the sea levels were relatively low.

Suitable Conditions for Stromatolites in the Early Triassic

After the mass extinctions in the Late Permian period, there was a significant decrease in marine biodiversity. This reduction in competition allowed for the proliferation of hardy organisms such as cyanobacteria, which contributed to the formation of stromatolites. Additionally, the warm climate and shallow seas of the Early Triassic period provided favorable conditions for photosynthetic cyanobacteria to thrive.

Stromatolites as Indicators of Environmental Conditions

Stromatolites are commonly associated with environments that have high salinity, high alkalinity, or low oxygen levels, where other more advanced life forms may struggle to survive. The harsh conditions in the Early Triassic period, resulting from the mass extinctions and environmental upheaval, provide an environment in which stromatolites could proliferate.

Conclusion

We should not be surprised that stromatolites spread over Early Triassic seafloors because their formation is favored in unique environmental conditions, such as those that existed during the Early Triassic period. The reduced competition following mass extinctions, warm climate, shallow seas, and environmental stresses provided suitable conditions for stromatolites to thrive. Therefore, their prevalence in the Early Triassic period is unsurprising.

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Why should we not be surprised that stromatolites spread over Early Triassic seafloors?

Short Answer

Step by step solution

Background on Stromatolites

Early Triassic Period

Suitable Conditions for Stromatolites in the Early Triassic

Stromatolites as Indicators of Environmental Conditions

Conclusion

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