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Chapter 12: Problem 11

Name some significant orogenies.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Some significant orogenies include the Caledonian, Hercynian, Laramide, Alpine, and Himalayan orogenies.

Step by step solution

01

Identify the Concept

Orogeny refers to the formation of mountains due to forces such as compression of the earth's tectonic plates. This can lead to the formation of long tracts, or 'orogens' of deformed rock.
02

Historical Examples

\[ 1.\] The Caledonian Orogeny: This happened between 400 and 500 million years ago and led to the formation of the Caledonian mountains in Northern Europe. \n \[ 2.\] The Hercynian Orogeny: Occurred around 350-250 million years ago in an area that is now Western Europe. \n \[ 3.\] The Laramide Orogeny: From 70 to 30 million years ago and led to the formation of the Rocky Mountains in North America. \n \[ 4.\] The Alpine Orogeny: Began around 65 million years ago and continues to this day, creating the Alps.
03

A modern example

The Himalayan Orogeny: This is currently occurring and is creating the tallest mountain range on the planet, the Himalayas, due to the collision of the Indian and Eurasian tectonic plates.

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