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Chapter 14: Problem 10

How does stream discharge do its erosive work? What are the processes at work in the channel?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Stream discharge works to erode its surroundings through the force of the water flowing over the banks and bed, resulting in detachment and erosion of sediment. Inside the channel work include erosion (breaking down rocks), transportation (moving eroded material), and deposition (dropping material when the water slows down).

Step by step solution

01

Defining Stream Discharge

Stream discharge is the volume of water that passes through a given surface per unit of time. It's usually measured in cubic meters per second. The discharge increases when more water is added into the stream, for example, through rain, snowmelt or drainage.
02

Stream Discharge Erosive Work

The erosive power of the stream discharge arises from its ability to erode stream banks and to carry sediment downstream. The speed and volume of water, and the type of sediment in the water can affect this power. More discharge or faster moving water can erode more material Because of friction, water flowing over the streambed exerts a drag force on the particles comprising the beds and banks. This loosens and detaches sediment particles, allowing for erosion to take place.
03

Processes in the Channel

Within the channel, different processes are at work including erosion, transportation, and deposition. Erosion is the process where rocks are broken down and worn away. Transportation is the movement of eroded materials downstream. Lastly, deposition occurs when the velocity of the water decreases, and it can no longer carry its load. The transported materials are then deposited based on the size and weight of the material. Heavier ones are deposited first while the lighter ones are carried further down the stream.

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